Atrioventricular node ablation with conduction system pacing versus drug rate control for HFpEF patients with permanent atrial fibrillation

Atrioventricular (AV) Node Ablation and Conduction System Pacing in Patients With Well Controlled Permanent Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: Heart Rate Regularization vs. Medical Rate Control

Not applicable Interventional French Cardiology Society · NCT06833138

This will test whether regularizing heart rate by combining atrioventricular node ablation with physiological (conduction system) pacing lowers deaths or heart-failure hospital stays compared with medication in people with well-controlled permanent atrial fibrillation and HFpEF.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment266 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorFrench Cardiology Society Academic / other
Locations15 sites (Aalst and 14 other locations)
Trial IDNCT06833138 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Adults with well-controlled permanent atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction are randomized to receive either atrioventricular node ablation plus physiological (conduction system) pacing or optimal pharmacological rate control. The trial compares time to a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, or need for intravenous diuretics over a 24-month follow-up. Participants attend clinic visits at baseline and at roughly 3, 12, and 24 months for device checks and outcome assessment. The study targets patients with prior heart-failure hospitalization, preserved LVEF, narrow QRS, and average heart rate ≤110/min on 24-hour Holter monitoring.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults with permanent atrial fibrillation for more than 6 months, preserved LVEF (≥50%), at least one heart-failure hospitalization in the prior year, NYHA class ≥2, narrow QRS (≤120 ms), and average heart rate ≤110/min on 24-hour Holter.

Not a fit: Patients eligible for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation, with life expectancy under 12 months, severe uncontrolled comorbidities (for example advanced kidney disease), or those without prior heart-failure hospitalization or with wide QRS are less likely to benefit from this approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the approach could reduce deaths and heart-failure hospitalizations by stabilizing beat-to-beat heart rate while avoiding the harms of nonphysiological right ventricular pacing.

How similar studies have performed: Previous trials such as APAF-CRT showed mortality and hospitalization benefit from AV node ablation plus cardiac resynchronization therapy in HF with AF, but specific testing of conduction-system (physiological) pacing in HFpEF is largely novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Permanent atrial fibrilation \> 6 months
* Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ≥ 50%
* ≥ 1 heart failure hospitalization in the previous year
* NYHA (New York Heart Association) score ≥ 2
* Presence of at least one of the following criteria related to diastolic dysfunction:

  * E/e' ratio \> 9
  * Left Ventricular mass \> 95 g/m2 (female) or \> 115 g/m2 (male) with h/R ratio \> 0.42
  * NT pro BNP (B-type Natriuretic Peptide) \> 365 pg/mL or BNP (B-type Natriuretic Peptide) \> 105 pg/mL
* Narrow QRS ≤ 120 ms
* Average heart rate ≤ 110/min on 24 hours Holter monitoring
* Age over 18-year-old
* Capacity to understand the nature of the study, legal ability and willingness to give informed consent
* Patient covered by a social insurance
* Effective contraception and a negative pregnancy test in women of a childbearing age

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient eligible for atrial fibrilation catheter ablation
* Life expectancy \< 12 months
* Severe chronic kidney disease (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ≤ 20 ml/1,73 m2)
* Severe respiratory disease (severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with Gold ≥ 3 and/or chronic oxygen therapy)
* Class III obesity (Body Mass Index ≥ 40)
* Confirmed or suspected infiltrative cardiomyopathy (amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, Fabry disease, others)
* Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
* Previous implanted devices (Pacemaker / Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator / Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy)
* Other indication for pacemaker implantation
* Indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
* Ambulatory ≤ 50% of time
* Pregnant women
* Breast-feeding women

Where this trial is running

Aalst and 14 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection FractionAtrial Fibrillation, PersistentHeart failureCardiac Resynchronization TherapyConduction System Pacing
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.