Clinical trial Recruiting at 10 sites Phase 2 Interventional Ages 6 to 17

Afrezza plus basal insulin for newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes in youth

Official title: INHALE-1st: Technosphere Insulin (Afrezza®) In Combination With Basal Insulin For Youth With Newly-Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes

Run by Mannkind Corporation · NCT07224321 · Data updated 2026-11-12

This trial tests whether adding inhaled Afrezza to daily basal insulin helps 10 to 17-year-olds newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes control their blood sugar and feel better about treatment.

More Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus trials

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Ages6 Years to 17 Years
SexAll
Enrollment100 (estimated)
SponsorMannkind Corporation
Industry-sponsored
Locations10 sites (Los Angeles, California and 9 other locations)
StatusRecruiting
StartedFebruary 4, 2026
Main results expectedMarch 2027
Study endsSeptember 2027
Registry record updatedAugust 13, 2026
Trial IDNCT07224321 on ClinicalTrials.gov

Is this trial a fit for you?

Likely a good fit

Ideal candidates are 10 to <18 years old with a clinical diagnosis of stage 3 type 1 diabetes who can begin the Afrezza plus basal insulin regimen within 21 days of diagnosis and have normal lung function (FEV1 >80% predicted).

Probably not a fit

Children with chronic lung disease, low lung function, prior insulin treatment for stage 2 diabetes, or those unable to attend study visits are unlikely to benefit or be eligible.

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

In this Phase 2, single-arm, multicenter study, participants aged 10 to <18 with newly diagnosed stage 3 type 1 diabetes will start inhaled rapid-acting technosphere insulin (Afrezza) together with injected basal insulin within 21 days of diagnosis. Participants will be followed for a 13-week main phase, with an optional extension for up to 26 weeks for those who continue Afrezza plus basal insulin. The trial will collect safety data (including regular FEV1 lung function checks), measures of glycemic control, and questionnaires on participant and parent/guardian satisfaction. Enrollment excludes children with chronic pulmonary disease, prior insulin treatment for stage 2 disease, or reduced lung function (FEV1 ≤80% predicted).

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could offer newly diagnosed teens a rapid, inhaled mealtime insulin option that may improve glucose control and convenience compared with injected mealtime insulin.

How similar studies have gone: Afrezza (technosphere insulin) is approved for adults and has shown effectiveness and acceptable safety in adult trials, but randomized data and experience in newly diagnosed children remain limited.

Who can join: the full rules

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 6 to \<18 years of age
* Clinical diagnosis of stage 3 T1D, per the investigator. Stage 3 is defined as hyperglycemia, meeting ADA glycemic and clinical diagnostic criteria
* Able to start the Afrezza-BI regimen within 21 days following T1D diagnosis (day 1 is based on the first insulin dose)
* Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) \>80.0% of predicted Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) value
* Investigator believes that participant can be expected to follow the study protocol
* No medical, psychiatric, psychosocial conditions, or medications being taken that in the investigator's judgment would be a safety concern for participation in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior insulin treatment for stage 2 T1D
* In the judgment of the investigator, history of chronic lung disease, such as asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, or any other clinically important pulmonary disease (e.g., cystic fibrosis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia)
* Allergy or known hypersensitivity to human regular insulin
* Smoking (includes cigarettes, cigars, pipes, marijuana, and vaping devices) within 3 months prior to screening and/or positive cotinine test for smoking
* Positive urine pregnancy test for female subjects of childbearing potential

Where it's running

  • Children's Hospital Los Angeles
    Los Angeles, California, United States
    Recruiting
  • University of California San Francisco
    San Francisco, California, United States
    Recruiting
  • Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes Young Adult Clinic
    Aurora, Colorado, United States
    Recruiting
  • Yale University
    New Haven, Connecticut, United States
    Recruiting
  • University of Florida
    Gainsville, Florida, United States
    Recruiting
  • Indiana University
    Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
    Recruiting
Show 4 more locations
  • Joslin Diabetes Center
    Boston, Massachusetts, United States
    Recruiting
  • University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
    Recruiting
  • Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas, United States
    Recruiting
  • University of Virginia
    Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
    Recruiting

Study contacts

Similar studies

Other studies for the same condition or treatment. Recruiting studies are listed first.

How to take part

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Last reviewed 2026-11-14 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.