Adding alcohol-related smells to virtual-reality cue exposure for people with alcohol dependence

Feasibility of Integrating Olfactory Stimuli Into Virtual Reality Cue Exposure for Patients With Alcohol Dependence

NA · Charite University, Berlin, Germany · NCT07388693

This project will try adding alcohol odors to virtual-reality cue exposures to see if that approach is feasible and acceptable for people with alcohol dependence.

Quick facts

PhaseNA
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment20 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 65 Years
SexAll
SponsorCharite University, Berlin, Germany (other)
Locations1 site (Berlin, State of Berlin)
Trial IDNCT07388693 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Twenty adults with alcohol dependence treated at a psychiatric clinic will take part in a feasibility protocol combining virtual-reality (VR) scenarios with matched olfactory stimuli. After screening, participants will experience one neutral VR scene with a neutral scent and five alcohol-related VR exposures (beer, white wine, red wine, vodka, schnapps) presented in random order while craving and tolerability are measured. Standard clinical measures (AUDIT, ADS), breath alcohol testing, and checks for smell function will be used to confirm eligibility and record baseline characteristics. The primary aims are feasibility, tolerability, and acceptability of embedding smells into VR cue-exposure and to explore which alcohol odors most strongly elicit craving.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults aged 18–65 with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence, a history of craving, at least seven days abstinent, intact sense of smell, and the ability to give informed consent are the ideal candidates.

Not a fit: People with reduced smell function, current alcohol intoxication or ongoing pharmacological treatment for alcohol use disorder, severe neuropsychiatric disorders, or dependence on other substances are unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could make VR cue-exposure more realistic and help tailor relapse-prevention or craving-reduction approaches by targeting odors that trigger craving.

How similar studies have performed: While VR cue-exposure has been used in addiction research with some positive signals, embedding systematic olfactory stimuli in VR-CE for alcohol craving is largely novel and untested at scale.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* age: 18-65 years
* diagnosis of alcohol dependence according to ICD-10 (F10.2)
* history of alcohol craving
* able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* hyposmia
* dependence on substances other than alcohol and nicotine
* current alcohol intoxication (randomly tested by measurement of breath alcohol concentration)
* unable to understand the study information, consent form or principles of the study
* abstinence for less than 7 days or ongoing consumption of alcohol
* severe neuropsychiatric disorder (e.g. schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar affective disorder) or substantial cognitive impairment
* serious illnesses affecting brain or heart function that influence physiological study parameters
* acute suicidality (or acute endangerment of others)
* concurrent pharmacological treatment targeting AUD (e.g. benzodiazepines) or craving (e.g. acamprosate, disulfiram, naltrexone, nalmefene) and further medication significantly influencing heart rate

Where this trial is running

Berlin, State of Berlin

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Alcohol Dependence, Alcohol Dependence, Virtual Reality Cue Exposure, Olfactory

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.