7-day low-carb, high-fat (ketogenic) diet to improve FDG PET/CT detection of lepidic lung adenocarcinoma

Low-glucose/High-fat Intake Dietary Regimen as a Tool for Empowering Diagnostic Accuracy of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in Lepidic-predominant Growth Lung Adenocarcinoma

Not applicable Interventional Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia · NCT07479095

This trial will test whether a personalized 7-day ketogenic (low-carb, high-fat) diet before an FDG PET/CT can improve detection of lepidic-predominant lung adenocarcinoma in adults with a suspicious lung nodule or confirmed diagnosis.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment30 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorFondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia Academic / other
Locations1 site (Candiolo, Torino (TO))
Trial IDNCT07479095 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This prospective proof-of-concept interventional study will enroll about 30 adults with CT evidence of a lung nodule suspicious for lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma or histologically confirmed disease. Participants receive an individualized ketogenic diet for seven days prior to FDG PET/CT, with dietary assessments and basic labs performed on the day of imaging. PET/CT images will be independently read by two board-certified nuclear medicine physicians and compared against histopathology as the reference standard. Study-level results will also be compared with literature-reported diagnostic performance and a matched retrospective institutional cohort.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (≥18) with a CT nodule suspicious for lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma or biopsy-confirmed LPA, a target nodule ≥10 mm, ECOG 0–2, and willingness and ability to follow a controlled ketogenic diet for seven days are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with contraindications to the ketogenic diet or prolonged imaging (for example, renal failure, type 1 diabetes, pancreatitis, severe dyslipidemia), those with actively progressing other malignancies, pregnant or breastfeeding people, or those unable to adhere to the diet are unlikely to benefit.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could reduce false-negative PET/CT scans and improve staging and treatment planning for patients with lepidic-predominant lung adenocarcinoma.

How similar studies have performed: Preclinical and translational data suggest ketogenic diets can increase tumor FDG uptake, but clinical evidence in lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma is limited, so this application is largely novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Written informed consent.
* Age 18 years or older.
* CT evidence of a lung nodule suspicious for LPA or lung biopsy positive for LPA.
* Target nodule diameter at least 10 mm.
* ECOG performance status 0 to 2.
* Willingness and ability to adhere to a controlled ketogenic diet for 7 days.
* Ability to comply with study procedures and visit schedule.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not suitable for prolonged imaging procedures.
* Renal failure.
* Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
* Pancreatitis.
* Severe dyslipidemia.
* Other malignancies that are progressing or required active treatment within the previous 3 years.
* Serious or unstable medical, psychiatric, or substance use disorders that could interfere with study participation.
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
* Refusal to participate

Where this trial is running

Candiolo, Torino (TO)

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Lepidic-Predominant Lung AdenocarcinomaLung Adenocarcinoma2-[18F]FDG PET/CTKetogenic DietLepidic AdenocarcinomaLung NoduleDiagnostic Accuracy
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.