Why the soft tissues behind the eye overgrow in thyroid eye disease

Molecular regulation of fibroblast activation in Thyroid Eye Disease

NIH-funded research University of Rochester · NIH-11138621

This research is looking at how immune signals make the cells behind the eye grow, turn into fat and scar tissue, and cause symptoms in people with thyroid eye disease.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Rochester NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Rochester, United States)
Project IDNIH-11138621 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you have TED, this project looks at the orbital fibroblasts—the cells behind your eye—to see how autoantibodies and IGF1R signaling make them become fat cells and scar-forming cells. Scientists will grow human orbital fibroblasts in 3D culture systems and map the molecular signals that drive cell proliferation and excess matrix production. The team will test how blocking IGF1R and related pathways changes cell behavior and the production of hyaluronan and collagen. Some work may use tissue samples from people with TED collected at the University of Rochester to link lab findings to real patient biology.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with active thyroid eye disease, especially those with recent or worsening orbital inflammation or who have Graves' disease, would be the most relevant candidates to donate tissue or join related clinical efforts.

Not a fit: People without TED, or those with long-standing inactive or fully fibrotic disease where remodeling is complete, may not receive direct benefit from this research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new drug targets to reduce tissue swelling and scarring in TED and lower reliance on steroids or surgery.

How similar studies have performed: An IGF1R-blocking antibody (teprotumumab) has improved TED for many patients, supporting this molecular approach, but the detailed signaling steps targeted here are still being worked out.

Where this research is happening

Rochester, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Autoimmune Diseases
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.