Parenting and temperament links to low empathy and guilt in young children

Risky Parenting and Temperament Pathways To Callous-Unemotional Traits In Early Childhood

NIH-funded research University of Pennsylvania · NIH-11257703

This work looks at how parenting and young children's temperament relate to early signs of low empathy, guilt, and prosocial behavior in toddlers and preschoolers.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Philadelphia, United States)
Project IDNIH-11257703 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

You and your child would take part in lab visits where researchers observe parent-child interactions, complete questionnaires, and run brief tasks that measure children's emotional reactions, attention, and physiology. The team will study children's sensitivity to threat and social cues alongside parenting behaviors like warmth, harshness, and emotion scaffolding. By following children over time and combining behavioral and biological measures, they aim to identify early markers that predict callous-unemotional traits. Those markers could point to more tailored ways to help children at risk for disruptive behaviors.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal participants are parents and their young children (toddlers to preschool age) who can attend study visits and complete behavioral tasks and questionnaires.

Not a fit: Children without early signs of low empathy or families unable to take part in lab-based assessments are less likely to receive direct benefit from participating.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to better-targeted treatments that reduce low-empathy traits and lower the chance of later disruptive behavior problems.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies link parenting and temperament to conduct problems, but using combined behavioral, physiological, and attention measures to predict callous-unemotional traits in very young children is a newer approach.

Where this research is happening

Philadelphia, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Anxiety Disorders
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.