How the immune protein Caspase-1 affects bacteria's resistance to antibiotics

A non-canonical role of Caspase-1 in regulating bacterial antimicrobial resistance

NIH-funded research Institute for Systems Biology · NIH-11177635

This project looks at whether a human immune protein called Caspase-1 can make bacteria living inside immune cells less resistant to antibiotics, which could help people with hard-to-treat infections.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionInstitute for Systems Biology NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Seattle, United States)
Project IDNIH-11177635 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will use a new sequencing method (Path-Seq) to read bacterial RNA from inside infected immune cells and see how host signals change bacterial gene activity. The team focuses on Salmonella inside macrophages and will study how Caspase-1 influences the bacterial PhoPQ system that controls resistance to host antimicrobial peptides and the last‑resort drug polymyxin B. Most experiments are lab-based using infected cells and related models rather than testing treatments in people. The goal is to reveal mechanisms that could guide therapies or drug combinations to make antibiotics work better against intracellular or drug‑resistant bacteria.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People most relevant to this research would be patients with intracellular bacterial infections (for example, Salmonella) or those with multidrug‑resistant Gram‑negative infections who might benefit from improved antibiotic strategies.

Not a fit: Patients with viral illnesses, non‑bacterial conditions, or easily treated extracellular bacterial infections are unlikely to receive direct benefit from this early lab-focused research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new ways to boost the body's defenses or combine therapies so antibiotics work better against intracellular and drug‑resistant bacteria.

How similar studies have performed: Sequencing bacterial RNA from infected host cells is a recent advance and related lab studies suggest host factors can change bacterial resistance, but targeting Caspase‑1 to reduce antimicrobial resistance is a novel, early-stage idea.

Where this research is happening

Seattle, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Bacterial Infections
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.