How sugar-adding enzymes shape immune reactions and diabetes

Glycosyltransferase Function in Development and Disease

['FUNDING_R01'] · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · NIH-11393657

Researchers are looking at how enzymes that add sugars to cell surfaces might change immune attacks on insulin-producing cells in people with or at risk for Type 1 diabetes.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorSANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE (nih funded)
Locations1 site (LA JOLLA, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11393657 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

This project looks at how enzymes called sialyltransferases add sialic acid sugars to proteins on cell surfaces and how those sugars influence immune receptors that control tolerance. Scientists use mouse models, molecular laboratory experiments, and analyses of human pancreatic beta cells or samples to compare how different levels of sialylation affect B cells, autoantibody production, and cell survival. They focus on interactions with Siglec receptors on immune cells that can promote tolerance or permit autoimmune attack. Understanding these steps could point to ways to reduce immune damage to beta cells or identify markers of higher risk for Type 1 diabetes.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates would be people with Type 1 diabetes, those at high risk (for example, with diabetes-related autoantibodies), or donors willing to provide blood or pancreatic tissue samples.

Not a fit: People with non-autoimmune forms of diabetes (like Type 2) or unrelated conditions are unlikely to benefit directly from this research in the short term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new ways to protect insulin-producing beta cells or prevent autoimmune attacks that cause Type 1 diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Related animal studies show that changing sialylation or Siglec signaling can reduce lupus-like autoimmunity in mice, but translating these findings to human Type 1 diabetes is still novel and unproven.

Where this research is happening

LA JOLLA, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Autoimmune Diabetes, Autoimmune Diseases

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.