How sex and gut microbes shape autoimmune disease

Host's and microbiota's contribution to sexual dimorphism of autoimmunity

['FUNDING_R01'] · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · NIH-11258843

This research looks at how biological sex and gut bacteria change the immune system in people with autoimmune diseases like lupus, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes.

Quick facts

Phase['FUNDING_R01']
Study typeNih_funding
SexAll
SponsorUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO (nih funded)
Locations1 site (CHICAGO, UNITED STATES)
Trial IDNIH-11258843 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this research studies

From a patient's perspective, the team uses genetically modified and germ-free (gnotobiotic) animals together with advanced computer analysis to learn how sex hormones and gut microbes influence immune cells linked to autoimmune diseases. They focus on the androgen receptor and how it affects T cells both within the cell and through external signals. By altering microbes and hormone signals at different life stages, they hope to map when and how these factors increase or reduce autoimmune risk. The findings are intended to guide future human studies and possible new prevention or treatment strategies.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with autoimmune conditions that show strong sex differences—especially lupus, Sjogren’s syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and some forms of type 1 diabetes—are the most relevant patient group.

Not a fit: Patients with autoimmune issues that are not linked to sex differences or microbiota-driven mechanisms may be less likely to see direct benefit from this specific work in the near term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new targets—such as hormone pathways or microbial changes—for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases.

How similar studies have performed: Previous animal and early human studies have linked gut microbes and sex hormones to autoimmunity, but this integrated focus on androgen receptor effects in T cells is relatively novel.

Where this research is happening

CHICAGO, UNITED STATES

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.

View on NIH RePORTER →

Conditions: Autoimmune Diseases

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.