Drivers of genital inflammation and HIV risk in women in sub-Saharan Africa

Identifying drivers of genital inflammation and HIV acquisition in women living in sub-Saharan Africa

NIH-funded research Massachusetts General Hospital · NIH-11160803

Researchers will compare vaginal bacteria and local immune responses in women in sub-Saharan Africa to find what increases their chance of getting HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionMassachusetts General Hospital NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Boston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11160803 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project uses blood and genital samples collected over time from 1,200 young women in the FRESH study to learn how vaginal microbes and inflammation affect HIV risk. Scientists will examine bacterial and fungal communities, their genes and activity, and the small molecules those microbes produce, alongside measurements of immune signals in the genital tract. The team will use samples taken before and after HIV infection from over 100 women who became HIV-positive to identify changes linked to acquiring HIV. Results from these different laboratory approaches will be combined to look for biological patterns that could be targeted to reduce risk.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal participants are sexually active women in sub-Saharan Africa who are willing to provide genital and blood samples and attend regular clinic visits.

Not a fit: People who are male, not sexually active, living outside the study region, or not willing to provide samples or follow-up are unlikely to benefit from participating.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new ways to prevent HIV by targeting harmful vaginal bacteria or reducing genital inflammation.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies, including earlier work from the FRESH cohort, have linked non-Lactobacillus vaginal bacterial communities to higher HIV risk, but the exact biological mechanisms are still largely unproven.

Where this research is happening

Boston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome VirusBacterial Infections
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.