Combining engineered T cells, NK cells, and macrophages to boost immune therapy

Combinatorial engineering of a three-cell synthetic immunotherapy system

NIH-funded research Stanford University · NIH-11291863

Trying matched combinations of engineered immune cells (T cells, NK cells, and macrophages) to create a coordinated therapy that could better help people with cancers or autoimmune diseases.

Quick facts

Grant typeR21 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionStanford University NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Stanford, United States)
Project IDNIH-11291863 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project aims to build a cooperative immune-cell therapy by engineering three cell types — T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophages — to work together rather than alone. Researchers will make libraries of engineered receptors (CARs and synthetic cytokine receptors), mix and match them across the three cell types, and test many combinations in lab and disease models. They will use the experimental results to create computer models that predict how the mixed cell therapies behave over time and to pick the most promising pairs. This is early, preclinical work intended to identify combinations that could move toward future human trials.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: In the future, people with cancers or autoimmune disorders that are resistant to current treatments — and who are eligible for cell therapy trials — would be the likely candidates for these combination therapies.

Not a fit: Patients with conditions unrelated to immune-driven disease, or those needing immediate standard-of-care treatment, are unlikely to benefit directly from this early laboratory research.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could lead to new cell therapies that coordinate multiple immune cell types for stronger, potentially safer treatment of cancer and autoimmune disease.

How similar studies have performed: Individual CAR T, CAR NK, and CAR-macrophage approaches have shown promise in early work, but combining all three cell types into a coordinated therapy is a novel and largely untested idea.

Where this research is happening

Stanford, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Autoimmune Diseases
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.