Blocking CD226 to help protect insulin-making cells in type 1 diabetes

The CD226 costimulatory axis in type 1 diabetes

NIH-funded research University of Florida · NIH-11286782

This work looks at whether targeting the immune molecule CD226 can help keep regulatory immune cells working and protect insulin-producing cells in people with type 1 diabetes.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Florida NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Gainesville, United States)
Project IDNIH-11286782 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From my point of view as someone with or affected by type 1 diabetes, researchers are studying an immune molecule called CD226 that may make protective regulatory T cells unstable and allow autoimmune attack on insulin-producing beta cells. They use mouse models of type 1 diabetes with genetic deletion of Cd226, lab studies on human regulatory T cells, and single-cell gene profiling and flow cytometry of immune cells from donor pancreases to understand how CD226 alters immune behavior. Early results show removing or blocking CD226 improves regulatory T cell stability and reduces disease in mice, and human Tregs without CD226 appear more stable and suppressive in lab tests. The team aims to translate these insights toward therapies that could restore immune tolerance in people with type 1 diabetes.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with type 1 diabetes, especially those early in disease or willing to donate blood or tissue samples for research, would be the most relevant candidates for related patient-facing efforts.

Not a fit: People without autoimmune type 1 diabetes or those with long-standing, complete loss of insulin-producing cells are unlikely to benefit directly from these specific immune-targeting approaches.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this line of work could lead to treatments that strengthen regulatory immune cells and reduce autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells in type 1 diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Preclinical work in NOD mouse models and laboratory studies of human Tregs show promising results, but this approach remains early-stage for use in people.

Where this research is happening

Gainesville, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Autoimmune Diseases
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.