Virtual and augmented reality exposure approaches for social anxiety

Testing Mechanisms of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Social Anxiety

NA · Palo Alto University · NCT07437872

The project will try different virtual and augmented reality exposure therapies—no interaction, scripted interactions, and fully customized interactions—to see which help adults with social anxiety the most.

Quick facts

PhaseNA
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment45 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorPalo Alto University (other)
Locations1 site (Palo Alto, California)
Trial IDNCT07437872 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This interventional project compares multiple virtual and augmented reality exposure therapy approaches delivered across a range of formats, from single-session in-person visits to remotely conducted self-guided or therapist-assisted sessions. Arms include no-interaction VRET, scripted-interaction VRET, and fully customized-interaction VRET using the ExpandXR platform. Adults with clinically significant social anxiety (by structured interview and/or LSAS >47) will be enrolled while people with active substance use disorders, psychotic or bipolar history, unstable medications, current CBT for social anxiety, or vision problems preventing headset use will be excluded. Outcomes and candidate mechanisms will be measured across sessions to determine which interaction styles and delivery methods best reduce symptoms and improve access.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults (18+) in the U.S. who live close enough to Palo Alto University Mountain View campus for any required in-person visits, meet criteria for social anxiety disorder by structured interview or LSAS >47, can give consent, and do not have excluded conditions or unstable medications.

Not a fit: People with current alcohol or substance use disorder, a history of psychosis or bipolar disorder, unstable psychotropic medications, those already receiving CBT for social anxiety, or who cannot use VR headsets due to vision problems are unlikely to benefit or will be excluded.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could expand access to effective, brief VR-based treatments and identify which interaction styles and delivery methods most efficiently reduce social anxiety.

How similar studies have performed: Previous research shows virtual reality exposure therapy often reduces social anxiety, but self-guided and remotely delivered versions have shown mixed results, so this work builds on established efficacy while testing optimizations.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals at least 18 years of age
* Located in the U.S. with sufficient proximity to Mountain View Campus to attend in person visit(s).
* Able to give consent
* Social Anxiety Disorder based on Structured Clinical Interview AND/OR self-report score cutoff (LSAS \> 47).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current Alcohol or Substance Use Disorder (based on self-report)
* Current or prior psychotic related or bipolar disorder (based on self-report)
* Unstable psychotropic medication (starting/stopping medication in past 6 weeks based on selfreport)
* Current cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety
* Impaired vision such that cannot see in VR headset without glasses (contacts okay)

Where this trial is running

Palo Alto, California

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: no Interaction VRET, Scripted Interactions VRET, Fully Customized Interactions VRET

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.