Using Virtual Reality to Reduce Anxiety in Patients Getting Epidural Injections

Assessing the Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality Experience on Injection-related Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Interventional Pain Spine Procedures: a Prospective Randomized Trial

Not applicable Interventional Northwestern University · NCT05744336

This study tests if using virtual reality can help reduce anxiety for patients waiting to get cervical epidural steroid injections compared to standard care.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment64 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 80 Years
SexAll
SponsorNorthwestern University Academic / other
Locations1 site (Chicago, Illinois)
Trial IDNCT05744336 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study evaluates the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality (VR) in reducing anxiety for patients undergoing cervical epidural steroid injections (ESI). Participants will be divided into two groups: one experiencing VR during their pre-procedural wait and the other receiving standard care without VR. The primary outcome will be the reduction in anxiety levels, measured by a Numeric Rating Scale, and the study will also assess changes in sympathetic nervous system activity. The goal is to determine if VR can significantly alleviate anxiety compared to traditional waiting methods.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 18-80 with neck pain who are scheduled for cervical epidural steroid injections.

Not a fit: Patients with uncontrolled anxiety disorders or those with contraindications to the injection will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could provide a non-pharmacological method to significantly reduce anxiety in patients undergoing painful procedures.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have shown promising results using virtual reality for anxiety reduction in various medical settings, indicating potential success for this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18-80 years old at day of enrollment
* Neck pain patient deemed to be a candidate for pain control treatment with interventional fluoroscopically guided cervical epidural steroid injection as determined by their pain medicine provider based on history, physical exam, and radiographic findings
* Willingness to undergo pre-procedural intervention of VR viewing experience or equivalent pre-procedural wait time
* No history of prior epidural steroid injections
* Did not receive sedatives prior to or during procedure

Exclusion Criteria:

* Refusal / inability to participate or provide consent
* Contraindications to injection (anticoagulated states, allergy to components of injection, local infection at injection site, current infectious process or treatment of antibiotics for current infection)
* Uncontrolled anxiety disorder or untreated/inadequately treated psychiatric disorder
* History of Alzheimer's, dementia, or cognitive dysfunction
* Patient currently taking benzodiazepines
* Severe motion sickness
* Seizure disorder
* Vision loss
* Non-English speaking patients

Where this trial is running

Chicago, Illinois

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions AnxietyPain ProceduresVirtual Reality
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.