Using rTMS to help patients with OCD who don't respond to therapy

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for Patients With Exposure Therapy-resistant Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD): TETRO - a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Phase 3 Interventional Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc · NCT05331937

This study is testing if a new brain treatment called rTMS can help adults with OCD who haven't improved with regular therapy.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 3
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment250 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorAmsterdam UMC, location VUmc Academic / other
Locations8 sites (Amsterdam, North Holland and 7 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05331937 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) as an additional treatment for adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who have not responded adequately to exposure therapy with response prevention (ERP). The trial involves a multi-center, placebo-controlled, double-blind design, with participants receiving rTMS four times a week for 5-7 weeks, combined with ERP. The study aims to assess both the clinical and cost-effectiveness of this approach over a follow-up period of 12 months.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 18 and older with a primary diagnosis of OCD and insufficient response to previous ERP treatments.

Not a fit: Patients who have not been diagnosed with OCD or those who have not tried ERP may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could provide a new, effective option for patients with OCD who have not benefited from standard therapies.

How similar studies have performed: Previous studies have shown promising results for rTMS in treating OCD, indicating potential for success in this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* OCD as current primary diagnosis
* Age 18 and older
* Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) score of 16 or higher.
* Insufficient response to state-of-the art exposure therapy with response prevention (ERP) and/or drop-out from ERP due to extreme anxiety/avoidance
* The following comorbid disorders are allowed (as long as OCD is the current primary diagnosis): depression, other anxiety disorders, ADHD, tic/Tourette's disorder, eating disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorder (when this does not dominate the clinical profile, i.e. is not main diagnosis).
* Commitment to actively undergo intensive exposure therapy (both supervised during ERP sessions, as well as unsupervised at home)
* Unmedicated (for at least 8 weeks) or stable dosage of psychotropic medication (for at least 8 weeks), involving serotonergic antidepressants (SSRI, SNRI, clomipramine). Other psychotropic medication that is allowed (provided dosage is stably established for at least 8 weeks): methylphenidate, mood stabilizers, antipsychotic drugs
* Ability to participate in frequent treatment sessions (4 days/week, for 5 (or 6, or 7) weeks) at one of the 5 sites nearest to their home and/or work
* Ability to participate in pre-treatment MRI session (for neuronavigation) at one of the 3 academic sites nearest to their home and/or work
* Capacity for providing informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* OCD patients with hoarding as main symptom dimension
* The following comorbid disorders (current diagnosis) are not allowed: psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder (when this dominates the clinical profile, i.e. is diagnosed as main disorder), substance use disorder
* Active suicidal thoughts and intent to act on it
* Chronic use of benzodiazepines is not allowed
* Cochlear implant
* (History of) epilepsy
* Pregnancy
* Extreme claustrophobia or metallic objects in or on the body, preventing from participation in MRI session
* Space-occupying lesion on MRI
* Previous rTMS treatment (for blinding reasons)

Where this trial is running

Amsterdam, North Holland and 7 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions 1 Hz Real rTMS to the Pre-SMA1 Hz Sham rTMS to the Pre-SMA
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.