Using pulsed electromagnetic field therapy to reduce post-operative pain after orthopedic surgery
Official title: A Pilot Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Therapy in Decreasing Post-Operative Pain Following Orthopedic Surgery
Run by Stanford University · NCT04109638 · Data updated 2026-11-12
This study is testing if pulsed electromagnetic field therapy can help reduce pain after shoulder or knee surgery for adults.
Quick facts
| Study type | Interventional |
|---|---|
| Ages | 18 Years and up |
| Sex | All |
| Enrollment | 76 (estimated) |
| Sponsor | Stanford University Academic / other |
| Locations | 1 site (Redwood City, California) |
| Status | Recruiting |
| Started | February 1, 2021 |
| Main results expected | February 2027 |
| Study ends | February 2027 |
| Registry record updated | January 21, 2026 |
| Trial ID | NCT04109638 on ClinicalTrials.gov |
Is this trial a fit for you?
✓Likely a good fit
Ideal candidates are adults aged 18 and older scheduled for shoulder or knee surgery who have not used NSAIDs in the week prior to surgery.
✕Probably not a fit
Patients with known collagen disorders, inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, or metabolic bone diseases may not benefit from this therapy.
A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.
What this trial studies
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy in alleviating post-operative pain in patients undergoing shoulder or knee surgery. Participants will be assessed 10 days post-surgery using a visual analog scale (VAS) to measure pain levels, alongside tracking their daily pain medication intake and physical function outcomes. The intervention involves the use of the Endonovo SofPulse device, which delivers PEMF therapy to the affected areas. The study will include both male and female patients aged 18 and older who meet specific eligibility criteria.
Why it matters
Potential benefit: If successful, this therapy could significantly reduce post-operative pain and improve recovery outcomes for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.
How similar studies have gone: While PEMF therapy has been explored in various contexts, this specific application for post-operative orthopedic pain is relatively novel.
Who can join: the full rules
Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Subjects may be male or female greater or equal to 18 years of age (≥ 18) at the time of consent.
2. Subjects who will be having shoulder or knee surgery are permitted.
3. Subject must not have used NSAIDs for one (1) week prior to surgery.
a. a. Low-dose aspirin (81 mg) is permitted.
4. Subject must be willing and able to participate in post-operative physical therapy exercises.
5. Subject must understand and be willing to sign the IRB-approved Informed Consent Document.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Subject has a known collagen disorder such as, but not limited to, osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS).
2. Subject has a known inflammatory or autoimmune connective tissue disease such as, but not limited to, gout affecting the shoulder, scleroderma, SLE, rheumatoid disease, or calcific tendonitis of the shoulder.
3. Subject has a metabolic bone disease such as Paget's disease or osteomalacia as documented in the medical record.
4. Subject has a deltoid defect, deltoid palsy or any other pseudoparalysis.
5. Subject is diabetic.
6. Subject has HIV or hepatitis.
7. Subject has a diagnosis of fibromyalgia or other chronic pain syndrome.
8. Subject has shoulder or knee pain of unknown etiology.
9. Subject has had an active malignancy in the past 5 years OR has an active or on-going neoplastic disease, except for benign skin cancer(s).
10. Subject has undergone administration, within 30 days prior to surgery, of any type of corticosteroid (with the exception of asthma medications and ophthalmic medications), antineoplastic, immunostimulation or immunosuppressive agent.
11. Subject is septic, or has a local or systemic infection.
12. Subject has an admitted active substance abuse problem which includes recreational drugs and/or narcotics or a history of substance abuse where history is defined as "not under the care of a physician" for more than 5 years.
a. Prescriptive medical marijuana is not permitted, including CBD oils.
13. Subject consumes more than 14 (men) or 7 (women) standard drinks (alcoholic units) per week where a drink equals a 12 oz. beer, or a 5 oz. glass of wine, or a 1.5 oz. shot of liquor.
14. Subject is currently seeking or receiving worker's compensation for this injury or for an injury that has occurred more than 12 months prior to enrollment in this study or subjects who are currently in litigation or who have a history of litigation related to musculoskeletal diagnoses.
15. Subject has major mental illnesses including major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or dementia that would prevent them from following the protocol and/or independently completing the patient reported outcomes measures.
16. Subjects who have coexistent cervical spinal pathologies such as radiculopathies or myelopathies.
17. Subject has a mental or physical condition that would prevent them from complying with the study protocol.
Where it's running
-
Stanford University
Redwood City, California, United States Recruiting
Study contacts
- Principal investigator: Geoffrey D Abrams, MD — Stanford University
- Study coordinator: Michelle Xiao, BS
- Email: mxiao@stanford.edu
- Phone: 6507230003
Similar studies
Other studies for the same condition or treatment. Recruiting studies are listed first.
-
Single-shot nerve block with IV dexamethasone for rebound pain after shoulder surgery
This trial tests whether giving a one-time shoulder nerve block plus an IV dexamethasone dose can prevent rebound pain after shoulder surgery.
-
Follow-up on outcomes after joint surgeries using Stryker devices
This study looks at how well Stryker devices work for people who have had shoulder, hip, or knee surgeries by checking their recovery and any issues they might have after 3 and 6 months.
-
Comparing opioids and non-opioids for pain management after knee surgery
This study is testing whether non-opioid pain medications can work as well as opioids for people recovering from knee surgery.
-
Low-Volume PENG Block With Dexamethasone After Hip Replacement
This trial tests whether a smaller PENG block with dexamethasone provides similar pain relief but preserves quadriceps strength after hip replacement, compared with the standard-volume PENG block.
-
Analgesia after open inguinal hernia repair using intrathecal morphine or a transversalis fascia plane block
This trial tests whether intrathecal morphine or a ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block can provide better pain relief after open inguinal hernia repair in adults.
-
Knee cartilage repair registry data collection
This registry collects real-world information from adults undergoing knee cartilage repair to see how different procedures perform over time.
How to take part
- Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
- Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
- Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.