Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus clindamycin for children with invasive MRSA infections

Comparing Optimal Step-down Therapy for Children With Invasive MRSA Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole vs. Clindamycin for the Treatment of Children With Invasive MRSA Infections

This will see if trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole works as well as clindamycin to treat invasive MRSA infections in children aged 60 days to 18 years.

Quick facts

• Phase: PHASE4
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 100 (estimated)
• Ages: 2 Months to 18 Years
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Indiana University (other)
• Locations: 1 site (Indianapolis, Indiana)
• Trial ID: NCT06982105 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Children with invasive MRSA infections of bone, joints, or head and neck who are switching to oral therapy will receive either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or clindamycin and be followed for treatment success and side effects. The study includes patients aged 60 days through 18 years and covers osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, orbital and facial cellulitis, and other related infections. Treatment duration and follow-up visits are determined by the treating clinical team, with safety monitoring for adverse reactions. The main outcomes are whether the oral antibiotic clears the infection and the frequency and severity of side effects.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Children aged 60 days to 18 years with invasive MRSA infections (including osteoarticular or head and neck infections) who are transitioning to oral step-down therapy are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Infants younger than 60 days, children with infections not caused by MRSA, those needing continued inpatient IV therapy, or those allergic to study antibiotics are unlikely to benefit from this comparison.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could provide a safe and effective oral alternative for treating invasive MRSA in children, potentially simplifying outpatient care and reducing IV antibiotic use.

How similar studies have performed: Observational studies and adult data support TMP-SMX for some MRSA infections, but randomized or controlled pediatric data for invasive MRSA are limited.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. 60 days to 18 years of age (inclusive) at the time of oral step down treatment
2. Diagnosed by the clinical team with OAI or HNI:

   * OAI- at least 1 focal finding and 1 systemic finding OR radiographic confirmation of OAI

     * Focal finding- pain/swelling over a bone/joint, or restricted movement/failure to bear weight
     * Systemic finding- fever \>38oC, or elevated c-reactive protein (CRP) or elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. (ESR) or elevated white blood cell count (WBC) or elevated WBC in synovial fluid OR
     * Radiographic confirmation- findings consistent with osteomyelitis or septic arthritis - Plain radiograph, MRI, CT or ultrasound, bone scan result indicating abnormal bone, subperiosteal or bone marrow findings consistent with infection
   * HNI- at least 1 focal finding and 1 systemic finding OR radiographic confirmation of HNI

     * Focal finding- facial pain or redness, eye pain or proptosis, neck or throat pain or swelling, ear pain or proptosis
     * Systemic finding- fever \>38oC, or elevated CRP or elevated ESR or elevated WBC OR
     * Radiographic confirmation- findings consistent with facial/orbital cellulitis, cervical lymphadenitis, mastoiditis, or deep neck infection/abscess (including peritonsillar, retro- and para-pharyngeal. Plain radiograph, MRI, CT or ultrasound, bone scan result indicating abnormal findings consistent with infection
3. Treated by the clinical team for confirmed MRSA or suspected MRSA infection

   * Confirmed MRSA- positive culture for MRSA from a sterile body fluid (e.g., blood, abscess, bone, synovial fluid, or other surgical specimen)
   * Suspected MRSA- treatment for MRSA by the clinical team without microbiologic confirmation (e.g., negative cultures)
4. Currently ready or planned to be transitioned to oral antibiotic therapy by the clinical team
5. OAI or HNI symptoms \< 14 days at the time of hospital admission

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Enrollment in another interventional study or receipt of investigational drug as part of a research trial within the past 30 days.
2. Known cancer, acquired or primary (including sickle cell anemia or G6PD deficiency) immunodeficiency
3. Underlying bone disease, presence of hardware /implantable device in affected bone/joint
4. Infection (OAI or HNI) resulting from penetrating wounds, open fractures, major trauma, foreign body or post-operative infection.
5. Spinal osteomyelitis
6. Underlying chronic renal, gastrointestinal, liver, or heart disease that would be expected to potentially affect absorption or the metabolism of assigned drug
7. Inability to take medicine by mouth, gastrostomy, jejunostomy or nasogastric tube
8. Received intravenous antibiotic therapy as the treatment for OAI or HNI \>14 days.
9. Inability or unwilling to consent
10. Any social or medical conditions judged by the study clinician to preclude participation because it could negatively affect the participant.
11. Allergy to both TMP-SMX and clindamycin
12. Known MRSA isolate resistant to both TMP-SMX and clindamycin
13. Patient is known to be pregnant at the time of enrollment

Where this trial is running

Indianapolis, Indiana

• Riley Hospital for Children — Indianapolis, Indiana, United States (RECRUITING)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: James Wood, MD — Indiana University
• Study coordinator: Mary Stumpf

Conditions: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Osteomyelitis Acute, Septic Arthritis, Orbital Cellulitis, Facial Cellulitis, Mastoiditis, Cervical Adenitis, Retropharyngeal Abscess