Topical treatment for anal high-grade lesions in HIV-negative individuals

A Phase II Double Blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Trial of Artesunate Ointment for the Treatment of HIV-negative Patients With Anal High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Anal HSIL)

Phase 2 Interventional Frantz Viral Therapeutics, LLC · NCT06206564

This study is testing if an ointment called artesunate can help treat anal high-grade lesions in HIV-negative adults better than a placebo.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment48 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorFrantz Viral Therapeutics, LLC Industry-sponsored
Drugs / interventionschemotherapy, radiation
Locations2 sites (Chicago, Illinois and 1 other locations)
Trial IDNCT06206564 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This phase II clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of artesunate ointment in treating anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in HIV-negative adults. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either the artesunate ointment or a placebo over four 5-day cycles, with follow-up assessments using anoscopy at specified intervals. The primary goal is to assess the histopathologic response to the treatment, while secondary objectives include evaluating viral clearance and safety. Non-responders will receive standard care ablation.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are HIV-negative adults aged 18 and older with biopsy-confirmed anal HSIL and a positive HPV test.

Not a fit: Patients with low-grade anal dysplasia, concurrent cancers, or those who are HIV-positive will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could provide a non-surgical option for managing anal HSIL, potentially reducing the need for invasive procedures.

How similar studies have performed: While similar approaches have been explored, this specific use of artesunate ointment for anal HSIL is novel and has not been extensively tested.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult men and women age ≥ 18 years
* Capable of informed consent
* Biopsy-confirmed intra-anal high-grade dysplasia (AIN 2, AIN 3, anal HSIL) by HRA.
* Positive anal human papillomavirus (HPV) test.
* Women of childbearing potential agree to use birth control for the duration of the study.
* Laboratory values at Screening of:

  1. Serum alanine transaminase (SGPT/ALT) \< 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
  2. Serum aspartate transaminase (SGOT/AST) \< 5 x ULN
  3. Serum Bilirubin (total) \< 2.5 x ULN
  4. Serum Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN
* Electrocardiogram (ECG) with no clinically significant findings as assessed by the Investigator.
* Weight ≥ 50kg

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant and nursing women
* Diagnosis of low-grade anal dysplasia (AIN 1, LSIL), without the concomitant diagnosis of anal HSIL, by HRA
* Concurrent anal, vulvar, cervical, or penile cancer
* HIV-seropositivity
* Currently receiving systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy for another cancer.
* Patients who are on medical treatment with systemic immunosuppressants or steroids (e.g., active autoimmune disease). Participants using nasal steroid treatments for allergic conditions may participate in the study.
* Concomitant use of strong UGT (Uridine-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase) inhibitors
* Concomitant use of imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for the duration of the study

Where this trial is running

Chicago, Illinois and 1 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Anal High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial LesionAnal HSILAnal HPV InfectionAINintra-analtopicalnon-surgical
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.