Tendon-only versus muscle-and-tendon semitendinosus grafts for ACL reconstruction

Comparison of Bone Ingrowth and Intra-articular Remodeling of Autologous Tendon and Muscle-tendon Semitendinosus Graft After Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery

Not applicable Interventional University Hospital Dubrava · NCT07404046

This trial will test whether keeping muscle fibers on the semitendinosus graft leads to better tendon-to-bone healing and graft remodeling than a tendon-only graft in adults 18–50 having ACL reconstruction with lateral tenodesis.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment40 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 50 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity Hospital Dubrava Academic / other
Locations1 site (Zagreb)
Trial IDNCT07404046 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a single-blind, randomized study enrolling at least 40 adults (18–50) with MRI-confirmed ACL rupture who require concomitant lateral tenodesis. Participants are randomized 1:1 to arthroscopic all-inside ACL reconstruction using either a muscle-tendon semitendinosus graft or a standard tendon-only semitendinosus graft, with all surgeries performed by the same surgeon and supplemented by modified Lemaire lateral tenodesis. Outcomes include MRI-based measures of graft remodeling and tendon-to-bone healing using proton density sequences and T2 mapping (signal-to-noise quotient), patient-reported outcomes (EQ-5D, KOOS, Croatian IKDC), and objective knee stability by digital Lachmeter up to 12 months. Clinical assessments and MRIs are scheduled at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months to compare structural and functional recovery between groups.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults aged 18–50 with clinically and MRI-confirmed ACL rupture, intact posterior cruciate and collateral ligaments, and an indication for concomitant lateral tenodesis (for example young age, positive pivot-shift, Segond fracture, pivoting sports, or high joint laxity) are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with prior ACL reconstruction on the same knee, inability to use a quadruple semitendinosus graft or graft diameter under 7.5 mm, unresolved meniscal repair failure, or current/previous joint infection are unlikely to be eligible or to benefit.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could improve graft incorporation and knee stability after ACL surgery, potentially reducing re-injury risk and improving recovery.

How similar studies have performed: Some biomechanical and observational work suggests remaining muscle fibers can affect graft healing, but randomized clinical comparisons of muscle-tendon versus tendon-only semitendinosus grafts are limited, so this approach is relatively novel in clinical trials.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinically and radiologically confirmed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture.
* Age between 18 and 50 years.
* Intact posterior cruciate ligament and collateral ligaments.
* Signed informed consent to participate in the study.
* Patients meeting at least one indication for concomitant lateral tenodesis, including: age under 25 years, positive pivot-shift test, presence of Segond fracture, participation in sports with frequent changes of direction and rotational knee loads, or joint hypermobility (Beighton score ≥ 7).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous ACL reconstruction of the same knee.
* Inability to use a graft prepared by quadruple folding of the semitendinosus tendon.
* Graft diameter \< 7.5 mm.
* MRI-confirmed unsuccessful meniscal healing after repair.
* Acute joint infection or history of joint infection.

Where this trial is running

Zagreb

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionArthroscopyTissue RemodelingAnterior Cruciate LigamentSemitendinosus MuscleKnee
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.