Clinical trial Recruiting at 11 sites Phase 3 Interventional Ages 4 and up

Setmelanotide for congenital hypothalamic obesity

Official title: A Phase 3, Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Setmelanotide in Patients With Acquired Hypothalamic Obesity

Run by Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · NCT06760546 · Data updated 2026-11-12

This will test whether daily setmelanotide injections help reduce weight, curb hunger, and improve quality of life in people aged 4 and older with congenital hypothalamic obesity.

More Hypothalamic Obesity trials

Quick facts

PhasePhase 3
Study typeInterventional
Ages4 Years and up
SexAll
Enrollment39 (estimated)
SponsorRhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Industry-sponsored
Locations11 sites (Birmingham, Alabama and 10 other locations)
StatusRecruiting
StartedSeptember 23, 2025
Main results expectedMarch 13, 2027
Study endsMarch 13, 2028
Registry record updatedFebruary 12, 2026
Trial IDNCT06760546 on ClinicalTrials.gov

Is this trial a fit for you?

Likely a good fit

Ideal candidates are people aged 4 years and older with congenital hypothalamic obesity related to MPHD, SOD, ONH, CPHD, or PSIS (with at least one pituitary deficiency) who meet the BMI criteria and agree to use effective contraception if applicable.

Probably not a fit

People with Prader-Willi syndrome or ROHHADNET, those who have lost more than 2% body weight in the past 3 months, or individuals whose obesity is not linked to hypothalamic/pituitary injury are unlikely to benefit from this study.

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

This Phase 3 sub-study enrolls people aged 4 years and older with congenital hypothalamic obesity secondary to conditions such as multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, septo-optic dysplasia, optic nerve hypoplasia, childhood-onset combined pituitary hormone deficiency, or pituitary stalk interruption syndrome. Participants will receive a daily injection of either setmelanotide or placebo and complete scheduled assessments for up to 26 weeks to measure weight change, hunger, and quality of life. Safety and tolerability will be monitored throughout the treatment period. The trial is run as a sub-study of a larger setmelanotide program and is conducted at three U.S. pediatric/adult endocrine centers.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, setmelanotide could produce meaningful weight loss, reduce excessive hunger, and improve quality of life for people with congenital hypothalamic obesity.

How similar studies have gone: Setmelanotide has shown significant weight and hunger benefits in clinical trials and approvals for several rare genetic MC4R-pathway disorders, but its use for hypothalamic injury–related obesity is novel and less well established.

Who can join: the full rules

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Key Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD), or septo-optic dysplasia (SOD), or optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), or Childhood-onset combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD), or Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome (PSIS) with at least one pituitary deficiency AND a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2 for patients ≥18 years of age, or BMI ≥95th percentile for age and sex for patients 4 to \<18 years
2. Age 4 years and older
3. Weight gain associated with the hypothalamic injury and a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 for patients ≥18 years of age or BMI ≥95th percentile for age and sex for patients 4 to \<18 years of age
4. Agree to use a highly effective form of contraception throughout the study and for 90 days after the study

Key Exclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) or Rapid-onset obesity with hypoventilation, hypothalamic, autonomic dysregulation, neuroendocrine tumor syndrome (ROHHADNET)
2. Weight loss \>2% in the previous 3 months for patients aged ≥18 years or \>2% reduction in BMI for patients aged 4 to \<18 years
3. Bariatric surgery or procedure within last 2 years
4. Diagnosis of severe psychiatric disorders; any suicidal ideation, attempt or behavior
5. Current, clinically significant pulmonary, cardiac, metabolic, or oncologic disease
6. Significant dermatologic findings relating to melanoma or pre-melanoma skin lesions (excluding non-invasive basal or squamous cell lesion)
7. History or close family history of skin cancer or melanoma
8. Participation in any clinical trial with an investigational drug/device within 3 months prior to the first trial dose
9. Previously enrolled in a clinical trial involving setmelanotide or any previous exposure to setmelanotide
10. Inability to comply with once daily (QD) injection regimen
11. If female, pregnant and/or breastfeeding.
12. If receiving hormone replacement therapy, dose has remained stable for at least 2 months before Screening

Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.

Where it's running

  • University of Alabama
    Birmingham, Alabama, United States
    Recruiting
  • Children's Hospital Colorado
    Aurora, Colorado, United States
    Recruiting
  • Lurie Children's Hospital
    Chicago, Illinois, United States
    Recruiting
  • Boston Children's Hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts, United States
    Recruiting
  • Children's Minnesota
    Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States
    Recruiting
  • Columbia University Irving Medical Center
    New York, New York, United States
    Recruiting
Show 5 more locations
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
    Recruiting
  • Seattle Children's Research Institute
    Seattle, Washington, United States
    Recruiting
  • UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
    London, Greater London, United Kingdom
    Recruiting
  • Birmingham Women and Children's Hospital NHS Trust
    Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
    Recruiting
  • Hull Royal Infirmary
    Hull, United Kingdom
    Recruiting

Study contacts

Similar studies

Other studies for the same condition or treatment. Recruiting studies are listed first.

How to take part

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Last reviewed 2026-11-14 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.