Prebiotic sodas and their effects on post-meal gut hormones, stomach emptying, and fullness

Effect of 3 Different Prebiotic Sodas on Postprandial Levels of GLP-1, PYY, Transit Time and Satiety Levels: An Acute, Randomized Controlled Pilot Study in Healthy Participants

This test will see if single cans of prebiotic sodas change post-meal gut hormones (GLP-1 and PYY), stomach emptying, and feelings of fullness in healthy adults aged 18–60.

Quick facts

• Phase: Not applicable
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 15 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years to 60 Years
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Olipop, PBC (Industry-sponsored)
• Locations: 1 site (Toronto, Ontario)
• Trial ID: NCT07362563 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a randomized crossover pilot in 15 healthy adults who will each consume three different prebiotic sodas and one control soda as single doses over a 4–12 week period with 1–3 week washout intervals. The primary outcome is postprandial GLP-1, with secondary outcomes including PYY, gastric emptying, and self-reported satiety. Participants will provide blood samples and undergo gastric emptying and satiety measurements after each test drink. The crossover design lets each participant serve as their own control to reduce variability.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal participants are healthy adults aged 18–60 with BMI 18.0–30.0 kg/m2, stable weight, not pregnant or breastfeeding, without major gastrointestinal disorders, and able to attend visits in Toronto with OHIP coverage.

Not a fit: People with diabetes, known gastrointestinal disorders that alter absorption, pregnant or breastfeeding women, those with severe food allergies, or individuals outside the specified age or BMI ranges are unlikely to benefit or be eligible.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the findings could point to beverage formulations that boost satiety signals and help people feel fuller after a meal.

How similar studies have performed: Prior studies of prebiotic fibers have reported modest increases in GLP-1 and PYY and some appetite reduction, but single-dose effects delivered in a soda format are less well studied.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults aged 18-60 years, inclusive.
* BMI between 18.0 and 30.0 kg/m2.
* Stable weight in the last 3 months (+/-5kg).
* Willing to abstain from unusual strenuous exercise, consuming alcoholic drinks and from taking fiber supplements for 24 hours before study days.
* Willing to refrain from smoking tobacco or e-cigarettes, and using marijuana in any form for 12h before and during study visits.
* Understanding the study procedures and willing to provide informed consent to participate in the study and authorization to release relevant protected health information to the study investigator.
* Subjects must be eligible to receive income in Canada and be covered by a health insurance plan such as Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Self-reported pregnant or breastfeeding women.
* Subjects with a history of severe food allergies or an allergy to acetaminophen.
* Known history of diabetes, any gastrointestinal disorder that alters the absorption of nutrients, liver disease, or the presence of any health condition, illness or drug use that increases risk to the subject or to others or may affect the results, as judged by the Qualified Investigator (QI).
* Subjects who are currently or in the last 2 months have been on oral or injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist (RA) medications.
* Subjects who consume more than 14 alcoholic drinks per week, or more than 5 alcoholic drinks on any one occasion.
* Subjects who have been on antibiotic therapy in the last 2 months.
* Subjects taking the blood thinning drug warfarin.
* Subjects who are habitual users of the following supplements in the past 30 days: berberine, curcumin, cinnamon, resveratrol, and gardenia.
* Subjects which have undergone major surgery in the last 3 months.
* Unwillingness or inability to comply with experimental procedures and to follow Inquis safety guidelines.
* Subject is currently participating or recently (within 30 days of screening) participated in a clinical trial involving long-term exposure (greater than 24 hours) to an investigational drug, nutritional supplement, or lifestyle modification.

Where this trial is running

Toronto, Ontario

• Inquis Clinical Research — Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Study coordinator: Director of Clinical Operations

Conditions Satiety in Healthy Volunteers