Phase II trial of CMC regimen for early stage breast cancer

BRE-08: A Phase II Study of an All-Oral Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimen of Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and Capecitabine (CMC) for Early-Stage Breast Cancer

This study is testing a new combination of oral medications for people with early-stage breast cancer to see if it helps them manage their condition safely and effectively.

Quick facts

• Phase: Phase 2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 25 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years and up
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: University of Illinois at Chicago (Academic / other)
• Drugs / interventions: chemotherapy, radiation, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide
• Locations: 1 site (Chicago, Illinois)
• Trial ID: NCT06085742 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a non-randomized, single-arm Phase II trial evaluating an oral CMC regimen for patients with early-stage breast cancer. Participants will receive cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and capecitabine, with the option to initiate adjuvant radiotherapy after the fourth cycle of treatment. The study will monitor treatment compliance and conduct routine laboratory tests to assess electrolyte, chemistry, and liver function. The trial aims to determine the efficacy and safety of this regimen in managing locoregional breast cancer.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include adults aged 18 and older with histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer who have undergone curative surgery and require adjuvant chemotherapy.

Not a fit: Patients with distant metastatic disease or those who are not recommended for adjuvant chemotherapy without concurrent biologic/targeted therapy may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could provide an effective adjuvant treatment option for patients with early-stage breast cancer, potentially improving their outcomes.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown success with similar chemotherapy regimens in early-stage breast cancer, indicating a potential for positive outcomes.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

I• Age ≥ 18 years of age at time of consent

* ECOG performance status 0, 1, or 2
* Histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer documented by biopsy or surgical excision.
* Underwent potentially curative resection of primary breast tumor(s) with no gross residual local-regional disease (patients with microscopically positive margins are eligible if adjuvant radiotherapy is planned), with most recent breast or axillary surgery \< 90 days prior to date of signed consent.
* No evidence of distant metastatic disease
* No prior systemic therapy for this cancer other than pre-operative endocrine therapy
* Treating Oncologist recommends adjuvant chemotherapy without concurrent biologic/targeted therapy. Patients may receive a CDK4/6 inhibitor after completion of all study treatment, concurrently with adjuvant endocrine therapy. Patients with a germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in a DNA homologous repair gene (e.g. BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2) may receive adjuvant PARP inhibitor therapy after completion of all study treatment.
* Tumor is estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (\> 10% by IHC) and/or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive (\> 10% by IHC), HER2-negative by IHC or FISH according to 2018 ASCO-CAP guidelines.
* AJCC pathologic stage:

  o pT1-3/pN0-2 based on sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary dissection
* High risk gene expression profile (either luminal B on MammaPrint/BluePrint, or Recurrence Score \> 25 on Oncotype Dx). Study participants are not required to have a high-risk gene expression profile if they have a clinical high-risk tumor, defined as:

Age \< 50 and any of the following:

* Involvement of 1-3 axillary lymph nodes with metastatic carcinoma (pN1mic/N1)
* grade 1 tumor \> 3 cm; or grade 2 tumor \> 2 cm; or grade 3 tumors \> 1 cm (size based on pathological assessment of the maximal dimension of the invasive component of the tumor)
* pT1c-T2 and Ki-67 \> 20%
* Presence of lymphovascular invasion stage IIIA (pT3/pN1 or pT1-3/pN2)

Age \> 50 and any of the following:

* Primary tumor \> 5 cm (pT3)
* stage IIIA (pT3/pN1 or pT1-3/pN2)

  * Adequate organ function as defined in Table 1. All screening labs to be obtained within 30 days prior to registration.
  * Patients with synchronous bilateral primary breast tumors or multiple ipsilateral primary breast tumors are eligible if the treating Oncologist determines that the CMC regimen is appropriate therapy for all primary tumors requiring chemotherapy.
  * Able to provide written informed consent and HIPAA authorization for release of personal health information.
  * Women of childbearing potential must agree to use 2 methods of birth control, at least one being a barrier form of contraception if they are sexually active with a male partner unless they are considered highly unlikely to conceive as defined in section 8.6, and cannot be pregnant or breast-feeding. A negative serum or urine pregnancy test is required per institutional practice guidelines.
  * As determined at the discretion of the enrolling physician or protocol designee, ability of the subject to understand and comply with study procedures for the entire length of the study.
  * Patients with history of HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) are eligible for this study if they are receiving anti-retroviral therapy and it does not include any medications known to alter metabolism or tolerability of component drugs in the CMC regimen (see Appendix), and either of the following criteria are met:

    * Patients without a history of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections.
    * Patients with a history of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections, but they have not had an opportunistic infection within the past 12 months.
  * Patients with Hepatitis B (HBV): chronic carriers of HBV infection (HBsAg-positive) or individuals who have serologic evidence of a resolved prior HBV infection (i.e., HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc-positive) are eligible if they are receiving appropriate suppressive antiviral therapy that does not include medications known to alter metabolism or tolerability of component drugs in CMC (see Appendix) prior to initiation of cancer therapy, and liver function tests meet study eligibility criteria.
  * Patients with Hepatitis C (HCV): patients with a history of HCV infection who have completed curative antiviral treatment are eligible if the HCV RNA viral load is below the limit of quantification within 90 days of study enrollment. Patients on concurrent HCV treatment must have HCV RNA viral load below the limit of quantification within 30 days of study enrollment. Patients must also meet liver function test eligibility requirements and antiviral therapy does not include medications known to alter metabolism or tolerability of component drugs in CMC.

Exclusion Criteria

Subjects meeting any of the criteria below are ineligible for this study:

* Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for this breast cancer
* Any investigational agents administered during or within 2 weeks prior to start of CMC chemotherapy
* AJCC stage IIIB-IIIC or stage IV
* Active infection requiring systemic therapy
* Untreated HIV/AIDS
* Documented DYPD deficiency
* Pregnant or nursing
* Require anticoagulation with warfarin. Anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparins, heparin, or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is permitted.
* Any prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment has the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of this investigational regimen, as determined by the treating medical oncologist.
* Any mental or medical condition that prevents the patient from giving informed consent or participating in the trial.
* Other major comorbidity (e.g. advanced cardiopulmonary disease, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus) that may affect the safety or efficacy assessment of this investigational regimen, as determined by study PI
* Inability to swallow pills
* Any medical condition interfering with absorption of oral medications
* Any contraindication for any chemotherapy drug used in the CMC regimen
* Active and ongoing use of medicines known to alter metabolism or tolerability of component drugs in CMC.
* Prisoners
* Unable or unwilling to take a large number of oral pills

Where this trial is running

Chicago, Illinois

• University of Illinois — Chicago, Illinois, United States (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Study coordinator: Abiola Ibreeheem, MD

Conditions Breast Cancer