Personalized high-definition brain stimulation targeting the dACC for chronic pain

Innovative Neuromodulation Treatments for Chronic Pain: Assessing and Predicting the Effects of Personalized High-Definition Protocols for Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)

Not applicable Interventional Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA · NCT07432841

This will try personalized high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) aimed at the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex to reduce pain in adults with chronic pain.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment144 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 75 Years
SexAll
SponsorIstituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Academic / other
Locations4 sites (Milan and 3 other locations)
Trial IDNCT07432841 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

The trial uses each participant's structural and functional MRI to create a personalized HD-tDCS montage targeting the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). A total of 144 adults with chronic pain refractory to conservative and minimally invasive treatments will be randomized to receive five sessions in one week of anodal, cathodal, or sham HD-tDCS. High-definition montages are used to increase focality and intensity compared with conventional tDCS. Pain ratings and related clinical measures will be compared before and after the intensive treatment week.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults aged 18–75 with chronic pain for at least six months, average pain ≥4/10 despite conservative and minimally invasive treatments, who can undergo MRI/TMS and keep their pain medications stable for the study week.

Not a fit: Patients with seizure disorders, active malignancy, implanted head/neck devices or metallic implants, severe cognitive impairment, pregnancy, or MRI/TMS incompatibility are excluded and unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could reduce pain intensity for some patients and offer a targeted, noninvasive neuromodulation option.

How similar studies have performed: Conventional tDCS has shown mixed and generally modest benefits for chronic pain in previous studies, while personalized HD-tDCS targeting the dACC is a newer approach with limited direct clinical evidence to date.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of chronic pain lasting for at least six months
* Pain scores equal to or greater than 4 on Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) 0-10 on most days for the last 3 months
* Pain unresponsive to conservative treatment such as pharmacological therapy and physiotherapy, and unresponsive to minimally invasive treatments such as peripheral nerve blocks or neuromodulation or steroid epidural injections, when appropriate
* Age between 18 and 75
* Stable pain levels and willingness not to modify any ongoing pain management therapies during the study period (1 week)

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of seizure disorders
* Active malignancy
* Implanted medical devices and/or metallic implants in the head or neck region
* Cranial abnormalities
* Severe cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)\<15.5)
* Neurological or psychiatric conditions, or significant comorbidities, that may interfere with tDCS
* Pregnancy
* Incompatibility with MRI and/or TMS

Where this trial is running

Milan and 3 other locations

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Chronic PainChronic painHigh-Definition transcranial Direct Current StimulationHD-tDCSMagnetic Resonance ImagingMRIfunctional MRIstructural MRI
Last reviewed 2026-06-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.