Perineural prolotherapy for chronic knee osteoarthritis pain

Perineural Prolotherapy in Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Not applicable Interventional National and Kapodistrian University of Athens · NCT07245121

This trial will test whether adding 5% dextrose to perineural injections reduces pain in adults with chronic knee osteoarthritis.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment60 (estimated)
Ages38 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens Academic / other
Locations1 site (Athens, Attica)
Trial IDNCT07245121 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This single-center randomized controlled trial compares perineural prolotherapy using 5% dextrose plus local anesthetic versus local anesthetic alone, delivered to four genicular nerve sites around the knee. Ultrasound guidance is used to place injections at the superomedial, superolateral, inferomedial, and recurrent peroneal genicular nerves. Adults over 38 with chronic knee osteoarthritis, moderate to severe pain (NRS >5), and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2–3 disease are eligible and randomized into two arms. Outcomes focus on pain reduction and function over follow-up to see if adding dextrose provides greater and possibly longer-lasting analgesia than anesthetic alone.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults older than 38 with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2–3), persistent moderate–severe pain (NRS >5) for at least three months, and BMI up to 42 may be eligible.

Not a fit: Patients with very advanced osteoarthritis (KL grade 4), active knee infection, recent knee surgery, or lower pain levels are unlikely to benefit from this intervention.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, adding dextrose could provide greater and longer-lasting pain relief and improved knee function without destroying nerve tissue.

How similar studies have performed: Perineural prolotherapy is a relatively new approach with some initial positive reports suggesting benefit, but larger randomized trials are limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients of both sexes
2. Age \>38 years
3. Body Mass Index (BMI) up to 42 kg/m2
4. Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis, according to the clinical criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Osteoarthritis if the following combinations are present:

   A, B, C, D or A, B, E or A, D, E:

   A) Knee pain most days of the previous month B) Cracking during active joint movement C) Morning stiffness lasting at least 30 minutes D) Age at least 38 years E) Bone swelling of the affected knee on physical examination
5. Chronic knee pain on the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) \> 5 for at least 3 months prior to the study
6. Grade 2 or 3 osteoarthritis, according to the Kellgern-Lawrence classification
7. Pain, creaking, and stiffness in the knee joint that persists for at least three months prior to the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any infection of the skin of the knee joint, such as cellulitis, or periarticular or intraarticular infection during the last 3 months
2. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus or connective tissue disease affecting the knee joint
3. History of previous total knee arthroplasty or other knee surgery.
4. History of periarticular or intraarticular injection of corticosteroids, local anesthetic, hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma, radiofrequency, prolotherapy within the last trimester
5. History of knee injury or fracture within the last 3 months
6. History of acute lumbosacral radiculopathy or peripheral neuropathy, neurological, psychiatric disease
7. Pain limited in the posterior aspect of the knee
8. History of limb malignancy
9. History of bleeding disorder
10. Pregnancy
11. Allergy to local anesthetics, needle phobia
12. Difficulty communicating (severe hearing loss, dementia, language problems)
13. Non-guaranteed transportation to hospital for treatments and re-evaluations

Where this trial is running

Athens, Attica

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Chronic PainPerineural AnalgesiaProlotherapyKnee OsteoarthritisPerineural prolotherapyKnee osteoarthritisChronic pain
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.