Pelvic floor training with action observation and metaphorical imagery for urinary leakage in older women

Investigation of the Effects of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Applied Via Action Observation Method Accompanied by Metaphorical Imagery on Urinary Incontinence in Geriatric Women

Not applicable Interventional Fenerbahce University · NCT07551674

This 12-week program will see if pelvic floor muscle exercises done with action observation and metaphor-themed imagery help women 65 and older with stress or stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence reduce leakage, improve quality of life, and stick with the program.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment40 (estimated)
Ages65 Years to 80 Years
SexFemale
SponsorFenerbahce University Academic / other
Locations1 site (Istanbul)
Trial IDNCT07551674 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This intervention enrolls women 65+ living in nursing homes in Istanbul to take part in a 12-week pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) program delivered in small group sessions. All participants follow a progressive twice-weekly 45–50 minute exercise regimen that advances from supine positions to standing and jumping movements. One group performs the same exercises while observing projected action videos and imagining metaphor-themed visuals to enhance motor learning and motivation. Outcomes including urinary symptoms, quality of life, and treatment adherence are measured before and after the intervention to compare effects between groups.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Women aged 65 or older with physician-diagnosed stress or stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence, MMSE ≥ 24, literate in Turkish, able to walk independently, and who have not received PFMT in the past 6 months are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: People unlikely to benefit include those with fecal incontinence, current genitourinary infection or active UI medication, prior UI surgery or symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse, BMI ≥ 25, significant neurological/orthopedic/psychiatric/cardiovascular conditions that preclude exercise, or sensory impairments that prevent participation.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the combined PFMT and action observation with metaphorical imagery approach could reduce urinary leakage, improve quality of life, and increase exercise adherence in older women.

How similar studies have performed: Standard pelvic floor muscle training is a proven treatment for stress urinary incontinence, but combining PFMT with action observation and metaphorical imagery is relatively novel and has limited prior clinical evidence.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed with stress or stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence by a physician
* Women aged 65 years and older
* Literate in Turkish to understand, interpret, and answer the questionnaires
* Scoring 24 or higher on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
* Able to walk independently without the use of any walking aids (assistive devices)
* Having signed the informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

* Received pelvic floor muscle training within the past 6 months
* Presence of fecal incontinence
* Current genitourinary infection or use of medication for urinary incontinence
* History of urinary incontinence surgery or presence of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse
* Presence of neurological, orthopedic, psychiatric, hematological, or cardiovascular conditions that would preclude participation in exercise
* Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m²
* Hearing or visual impairments that would negatively affect participation
* Presence of hematuria, urethral and/or bladder fistula, or a history of pelvic surgery

Where this trial is running

Istanbul

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Urinary Continenceurinary incontinencegeriatricsaction observation
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.