Pectoral nerve block versus local numbing for children getting chest pacemaker or ICD placement

Pectoral Nerve (PECS) Block for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) Implantation Surgery

PHASE4 · The Hospital for Sick Children · NCT04577690

This test will see if giving a pectoral nerve block before implant surgery helps children need fewer opioids after chest device placement than local numbing alone.

Quick facts

PhasePHASE4
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment48 (estimated)
Ages3 Years to 18 Years
SexAll
SponsorThe Hospital for Sick Children (other)
Locations1 site (Toronto, Ontario)
Trial IDNCT04577690 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a randomized, single-center trial at The Hospital for Sick Children comparing two pain-control approaches for pediatric cardiac device implantation. One group receives a pectoral nerve block plus limited local wound infiltration, and the other group receives local wound infiltration alone; both groups receive opioids as needed. The main outcome is postoperative opioid use and pain control in children aged 3–18 undergoing CIED surgery. The trial uses standard bupivacaine with epinephrine dosing and follows patients through the immediate postoperative period and early recovery at home.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Children aged 3 to 18 years who are having a cardiac implantable electronic device placed in the chest and whose parent/guardian provides consent are eligible.

Not a fit: Children under 3 years, those allergic to bupivacaine, or anyone with medical reasons that make regional anesthesia unsafe would not be expected to benefit or be eligible.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the pectoral nerve block could reduce the amount of opioids children need after device implantation and improve pain control with fewer side effects.

How similar studies have performed: Pectoral nerve blocks have shown improved analgesia and reduced opioid use in adult breast and chest surgery and in small pediatric case series, but large randomized data for pediatric CIED implantation are lacking.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

• All patients 3-18 years undergoing CIED surgery in the chest

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children \< 3 years of age at time of procedure as bupivacaine is not licensed for this age group.
* No parental or patient consent
* Allergy to bupivacaine
* Pregnancy or lactation
* Any condition or diagnosis, that could in the opinion of the Principal Investigator or delegate interfere with the participant's ability to comply with study instructions, might confound the interpretation of the study results, or put the participant at risk.

Where this trial is running

Toronto, Ontario

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative, Child, Adolescent

Last reviewed 2026-05-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.