Clinical trial Recruiting at 2 sites Interventional Ages 15 and up

Medical drones to deliver HIV medicines and lab samples in the Kalangala islands

Official title: Use of Unmanned Air Vehicles (Medical Drones) to Overcome Geographical Barriers to Delivery of Anti-Retrovical Samples: A Cluster Randomised Trial in Kalangala District, Uganda

Run by Makerere University · NCT06678022 · Data updated 2026-11-12

This trial tests whether delivering antiretroviral medicines by medical drones can help people with HIV in Kalangala islands achieve undetectable viral loads.

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Quick facts

Study typeInterventional
Ages15 Years and up
SexAll
Enrollment1086 (estimated)
SponsorMakerere University
Academic / other
Locations2 sites (Kalangala, Ssese and 1 other locations)
StatusRecruiting
StartedMarch 18, 2025
Main results expectedFebruary 2027
Study endsDecember 15, 2027
Registry record updatedFebruary 17, 2026
Trial IDNCT06678022 on ClinicalTrials.gov

Is this trial a fit for you?

Likely a good fit

Adults (over 18) and emancipated minors aged 15–17 living with HIV who are on ART, resident in Kalangala District, willing to join decentralized service delivery groups and remain in the district for the study period.

Probably not a fit

People with active opportunistic infections at enrollment, those with medical or psychiatric conditions that impair decision-making, non-residents, or children under 15 without appropriate caregivers are not eligible and unlikely to benefit from this intervention.

A plain-English reading of the study's rules. Only the study team can confirm whether you qualify.

What this trial studies

Researchers will run a cluster-randomized trial in Kalangala District, randomizing 64 landing sites to either drone delivery or standard-of-care delivery (boat/facility pick-up) so that everyone at a landing site receives the same delivery method. Adults and emancipated minors on ART who join decentralized service delivery groups will be followed for 12 months to compare the proportion with undetectable HIV viral load between arms. The protocol includes stratification by distance from the drone base and number of DSD groups to reduce bias, and avoids contamination by using landing sites as the unit of randomization. The study also incorporates cost-effectiveness and carbon footprint analyses plus a qualitative process evaluation of acceptability and potential additional use cases.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, drone delivery could increase adherence and viral suppression while reducing travel time and costs for remote fisherfolk and improving timely access to medicines and lab samples.

How similar studies have gone: Pilot drone programs in countries such as Rwanda and Ghana have shown feasibility for delivering medical supplies, but randomized evidence that drone ART delivery improves viral suppression is limited.

Who can join: the full rules

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult (\>18 years) living with HIV
* Emancipated minor (15-17 years) who is living with HIV
* Receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kalangala District
* Be a resident in Kalangala district for at least the preceding 6-12 months
* Willing to stay for a minimum next 24 months
* Willing to disclose HIV status to an expert peer or village health team member.
* Willing to join discentralised Service Delivery model groups

Exclusion Criteria:

* Potential participants below 15 years with care providers not receiving care from DSD.
* No active opportunistic infection (including but not limited to TB) in health centre records or self-report or suspected by the study team at enrolment (will be referred back to health facility for investigations and can be enrolled if no infection confirmed).
* Patients with mental illness or any other medical condition that compromises decision making process (as determined by medical records at facility and direct questioning to participant)
* Any other clinical condition that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would make the participant unsuitable for the study or unable to comply with dosing requirements.
* For stage three, participants residing in areas that took part in stage 2 drone delivery eg Bufumira island

Where it's running

  • Bwendero Health Centre
    Kalangala, Ssese, Uganda
    Recruiting
  • Mugoye health Centre III
    Kalangala, Ssese, Uganda
    Recruiting

Study contacts

Similar studies

Other studies for the same condition or treatment. Recruiting studies are listed first.

How to take part

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Check the official listing on ClinicalTrials.gov for the latest contact details and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the study coordinator or principal investigator to ask for pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Last reviewed 2026-11-14 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.