LISA versus endotracheal surfactant distribution in preterm babies

A Prospective Pilot Controlled Trial Comparing the Intrapulmonary Distribution of Exogenous Surfactant Between (LISA) and Conventional Endotracheal Intubation in Preterm Neonates With RDS Using Lung Ultrasound and the NOVEL Surfactant Distribution Homogeneity Index (SDHI)

Not applicable Interventional Hamad General Hospital · NCT07514481

This pilot trial tests whether giving surfactant through a thin catheter (LISA) or through a breathing tube leads to more even surfactant spread in preterm infants with respiratory distress.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment22 (estimated)
Ages24 Weeks to 42 Weeks
SexAll
SponsorHamad General Hospital Government
Locations1 site (Doha)
Trial IDNCT07514481 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This prospective, non-randomized, unblinded pilot enrolls 22 preterm infants in a tertiary NICU and compares surfactant given via LISA (thin catheter) versus conventional endotracheal tube. High-frequency lung ultrasound is performed immediately before and 60 minutes after surfactant across 12 lung regions to calculate a Surfactant Distribution Homogeneity Index (SDHI). The primary outcome is the change in regional ultrasound scores used to quantify distribution uniformity; secondary outcomes include overall LUS score changes, short-term respiratory clinical outcomes, and feasibility metrics. Results will inform whether a larger randomized trial is warranted and whether lung ultrasound can be used to guide administration techniques.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Preterm newborns (gestational age 24+0 to 42+6 weeks) with clinical and radiographic RDS who require surfactant within the first 3 days of life and whose parents give written consent are eligible.

Not a fit: Infants already intubated at birth, those who received prophylactic surfactant in the delivery room, or those with major congenital lung anomalies or severe hemodynamic instability are unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the approach could identify a delivery method that produces more even lung aeration and potentially reduce need for mechanical ventilation in preterm infants.

How similar studies have performed: LISA is supported by other studies showing reduced need for mechanical ventilation, but using lung ultrasound to quantify surfactant distribution with an SDHI is a novel, pilot-level application.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

Gestational age 24+0 to 42+6 weeks. Clinical and radiographic diagnosis of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). Requirement for surfactant within the first 3 days of life. Written informed parental consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Infants intubated at birth or who received surfactant prophylactically in the delivery room.

Major congenital anomalies or lung malformations (e.g., congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia).

Syndromic or genetic conditions affecting lung or chest wall development. Severe hemodynamic instability or congenital heart disease requiring intensive support.

Lack of parental consent for trial participation.

Where this trial is running

Doha

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Respiratory Distress Syndrome, NewbornLess Invasive Surfactant Administration, LISA, Lung Ultrasound, Neonatology, Surfactant Distribution Homogeneity Index
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.