Investigating the link between gut microbiota and male sperm quality

The Association of Gut Microbiota and Spermatogenic Dysfunction

Observational Zhujiang Hospital · NCT05628987

This study is trying to see if the bacteria in the gut affect sperm quality in men who have fertility issues.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment306 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 45 Years
SexMale
SponsorZhujiang Hospital Academic / other
Locations3 sites (Guangzhou, Guangdong and 2 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05628987 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This multicenter, case-control study aims to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and sperm quality in males experiencing various forms of spermatogenic dysfunction, including azoospermia, oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia. Participants aged 18 to 45 will provide stool, blood, and urine samples after undergoing semen analysis. The study will compare microbiome and metabolomic profiles between those with sperm quality issues and healthy individuals, utilizing the WHO semen analysis guidelines. The findings could enhance understanding of how gut health influences male fertility.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are males aged 18 to 45 with diagnosed spermatogenic dysfunction.

Not a fit: Patients outside the age range of 18 to 45 or those with recent gastrointestinal interventions may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to new insights into the treatment of male infertility by targeting gut microbiota.

How similar studies have performed: While some studies have suggested links between gut microbiota and sperm production, this approach is relatively novel and requires further investigation.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 18 to 45 years, males
* Body Mass Index (BMI):18.5-29.9 kg/m\^2
* After an abstinence period of 2-7 days, two abnormal semen analysis, the absence of spermatozoa from both replicates will be included in the azoospermia group, the total sperm number (\<39\*10\^6 per ejaculate) or the sperm concentration ( \< 15 \* 10\^6 per ml) will be oligozoospermia group, the progressive motility (PR) (\< 32%) will be asthenozoospermia group; the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa (\<4%) will be teratozoospermia group
* Willing to provide feces, urine, blood samples, able to complete study questionnaires aimed at lifestyle factors (cigarette smoking, high temperature environment and others ) and other data collection instruments (e.g. physical activity, food frequency questionnaire, stress and others)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 18 or \> 45 years
* History of Zocanidin, Vitamin E, antibiotics, clyster, gastrointestinal endoscope in the past 30 days, or other drugs known to interact with semen quality or gut microbiota, history of high alcohol consumption (liquor over 200 ml, beer over 1000 ml) in the past 7 days or drinking every week in the past month
* A known genetic cause of male factor spermatogenesis dysfunction, including chromosomal or gene disorders (e.g. Y chromosome deletions, CFTR mutation)
* History of male reproductive system (e.g. testis, epididymis, seminiferous duct and others) damage, surgery, tumor or infection
* History of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, acute gastrointestinal disease, renal failure, liver cirrhosis, hypoplasia, X-rays exposure and other diseases related to spermatogenic dysfunction, history of intestinal gastrointestinal surgery (exclude appendix surgery)
* History of psychoses or other mental conditions that would result in cognitive impairment and inability to participate in any part of this study including the informed consent process

Where this trial is running

Guangzhou, Guangdong and 2 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Infertility, MaleAzoospermiaOligozoospermiaAsthenozoospermiaTeratozoospermiaMicrobiotaSperm
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.