Investigating immune system development and vaccination response in preterm infants

Preterm Immune System Development and Response to Immunization

Observational Maastricht University Medical Center · NCT05266664

This study looks at how very preterm infants respond to vaccinations compared to healthy full-term infants to see if their immune systems develop differently.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment145 (estimated)
Ages1 Day to 2 Months
SexAll
SponsorMaastricht University Medical Center Academic / other
Locations7 sites (Breda and 6 other locations)
Trial IDNCT05266664 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This observational study compares the immune system development and vaccination responses of very preterm infants (born at less than 32 weeks gestation) to those of healthy term infants. It aims to understand how preterm infants, who are at higher risk for infections due to an immature immune system, respond to routine vaccinations. The study will utilize various methodologies, including flow cytometry, ELISA, and single-cell transcriptomics, to assess antibody responses and the development of memory B cells. Additionally, it will explore the impact of maternal Tdap vaccination during pregnancy on these responses.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks gestation and healthy full-term infants whose mothers received Tdap vaccination during pregnancy.

Not a fit: Patients who may not benefit from this study include those with congenital anomalies that could affect immunization responses or those whose parents cannot provide informed consent.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could enhance understanding of immune responses in preterm infants, potentially leading to improved vaccination strategies and better health outcomes.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown varying success in understanding immune responses in preterm infants, but this specific approach focusing on vaccination response is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
To be eligible to participate in this study, a preterm infant must meet all following criteria:

* Preterm infant born at gestational age less than 32 weeks (whose mothers did or did not receive a T dap vaccination during pregnancy)
* Parents/ guardians must have sufficient understanding of the Dutch language

To be eligible to participate in this study, a healthy full-term infant must meet all following criteria:

* healthy full-term infant whose mother received a Tdap vaccination during pregnancy
* Parents/ guardians must have sufficient understanding of the Dutch language

To be eligible to participate in this study, a mother must meet all following criteria:

\- Mother of preterm or health full-term infant who are participating in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Parents/guardians of the infant are not able or willing to provide informed consent
* Infant with congenital anomaly which are more likely to cause adverse effects after immunization (for example hemodynamically significant congenital heart defect)
* Infant with a (possible) HIV infection or immunodeficiency
* Maternal use of immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy

Where this trial is running

Breda and 6 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Immune System DisorderPretermVaccination Failureimmune system developmentpreterm infantvaccination
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.