Investigating how processed foods affect brain reward systems and learning about food cues

Effects of Processed Foods on Brain Reward Circuitry and Food Cue Learning

Observational Stanford University · NCT06165952

This study is testing how eating ultra-processed foods affects the brains of teenagers aged 13-15, especially in terms of rewards, attention, and memory, compared to healthier, minimally-processed foods.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment162 (estimated)
Ages13 Years to 15 Years
SexAll
SponsorStanford University Academic / other
Locations1 site (Stanford, California)
Trial IDNCT06165952 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This observational study aims to explore the effects of ultra-processed foods on brain regions associated with reward, attention, and memory compared to minimally-processed foods. It will assess how these foods influence neurobehavioral responses and food cue learning in adolescents. The study will involve participants aged 13-15 with specific body mass index criteria and will exclude those with certain psychiatric or medical conditions. The research is motivated by the rising obesity rates linked to the consumption of ultra-processed foods.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this study are adolescents aged 13-15 with a body mass index within the 25th to 75th percentile.

Not a fit: Patients with current eating disorders, major psychiatric disorders, or serious medical problems will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could provide insights into how dietary choices impact brain function and eating behaviors, potentially guiding interventions for obesity.

How similar studies have performed: While there have been studies on the effects of ultra-processed foods, this specific investigation into brain activation and food cue learning is novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* female and male adolescents 13-15 years of age
* age- and sex- adjusted zBMI scores between the 25th and 75th percentile
* participant and their guardian must be able to read and speak English to gather valid consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* current eating disorders or other major psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, substance use disorder)
* fMRI contra-indicators (e.g., metal implants, braces, claustrophobia, pregnancy)
* serious medical problems (e.g., Type 2 diabetes, cancer)
* history of food allergies or restrictive dietary requirements (e.g., lactose intolerance, vegan)
* use of psychoactive drugs more than once weekly
* medications that impact appetite or reward functioning (e.g., metformin, anti-psychotic medication, insulin)

Where this trial is running

Stanford, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Ultra-processed Foods
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.