Investigating how different types of wheat affect non-celiac wheat sensitivity

Clinical Response and Cytokines Production After Challenge With Different Wheat Genotypes in Patients With Not-celiac Wheat Sensitivity.

Not applicable Interventional University of Palermo · NCT03024775

This study is testing whether people with non-celiac wheat sensitivity feel better when eating ancient types of wheat compared to modern varieties.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment50 (estimated)
Ages18 Years to 65 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of Palermo Academic / other
Locations2 sites (Sciacca, Agrigento and 1 other locations)
Trial IDNCT03024775 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study aims to explore the effects of ancient versus modern wheat genotypes on patients with non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS). It will assess whether ancient wheats are better tolerated than modern varieties by analyzing the symptoms triggered by different wheat components, including amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs). Participants will undergo a double-blind, placebo-controlled challenge to evaluate their reactions to various wheat types. The study seeks to provide scientific data to support or refute common beliefs about wheat tolerance in NCWS patients.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults diagnosed with non-celiac wheat sensitivity who have negative tests for celiac disease and wheat allergy.

Not a fit: Patients under 18 years old or those with positive tests for celiac disease or wheat allergy will not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to better dietary recommendations for individuals suffering from non-celiac wheat sensitivity.

How similar studies have performed: While there is ongoing interest in the effects of different wheat types on sensitivity, this specific approach is relatively novel and has not been extensively tested in prior studies.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

All the patients will meet the recently proposed criteria:

* negative serum anti-tissue transglutaminase and antiendomysium (EmA) immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG antibodies
* absence of intestinal villous atrophy
* IgE-mediated immunoallergic tests negative to wheat (skin prick tests and/or serum specific IgE detection)
* follow-up duration \>12 months after the initial diagnosis
* at least two outpatient visits during the follow-up period.

Adjunctive criteria adopted in our patients will be:

* resolution of the gastrointestinal symptoms on a standard elimination diet, without wheat, cow's milk, egg, tomato, chocolate, or other food(s) causing self-reported symptoms
* symptom reappearance on DBPC wheat challenge, performed as described previously. As in previous studies, DBPC cow's milk protein challenge and other "open" food challenges will be also performed.

Exclusion Criteria:

Exclusion criteria will be:

* age \<18 years
* positive EmA in the culture medium of the duodenal biopsies, even if the villi to crypts ratio in the duodenal mucosa was normal
* self-exclusion of wheat from the diet and refusal to reintroduce it before entering the study
* other organic gastrointestinal diseases (i.e. careful exclusion of Crohn's disease)
* concomitant treatment with steroids and/or antihistamines.

Where this trial is running

Sciacca, Agrigento and 1 other locations

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivityancient wheatsmodern wheatsATIs
Last reviewed 2026-06-15 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.