Guideline-based physical therapy for patellofemoral pain

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Clinical Practice Guideline Adherence for Patellofemoral Pain (knEE-CAPP)

Not applicable Interventional United States Naval Medical Center, San Diego · NCT06665204

This trial will test whether guideline-based physical therapy helps active-duty Service members with patellofemoral pain reduce pain, improve knee function, and feel more confident doing duty tasks compared with usual physical therapy.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment440 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorUnited States Naval Medical Center, San Diego Federal
Locations1 site (San Diego, California)
Trial IDNCT06665204 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This is a multisite, randomized trial comparing Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG)-adherent physical therapy to usual physical therapy care for patellofemoral pain in the Military Health System. Participants who meet eligibility criteria are randomized to receive either CPG-directed care or usual care and complete short- and long-term follow-up visits and outcome measures. Primary outcomes include knee pain, function, and confidence with duty-related activities, and secondary outcomes include healthcare resource use and analgesic prescriptions at 12 months. The study will also analyze patient- and care-specific factors that might predict or mediate benefit from physical therapy.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Active-duty Service members age 18 or older with peripatellar or retropatellar pain reproduced by at least one weight-bearing activity and available to start physical therapy within six weeks are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis, prior patellar/intra-articular knee trauma or surgery, recent meniscal or ligamentous injury, or neurodegenerative conditions affecting movement are unlikely to benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, guideline-adherent care could lead to faster symptom improvement, better knee function, and reduced reliance on medications and healthcare resources for Service members with PFP.

How similar studies have performed: Prior research and guideline-based approaches have shown improved pain and function with evidence-based physical therapy, but few large randomized multisite trials have tested a standardized CPG-adherent program in military populations.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Active-duty Service member
* Aged ≥18 years
* Presence of unilateral or bilateral PFP based on the core criterion of peripatellar and/or retropatellar pain with reproduction of PFP by at least one activity that loads the patellofemoral joint during weight bearing on a flexed knee, such as prolonged sitting, kneeling, squatting, hopping, running, stair climbing, patellar palpation
* Available to participate in physical therapy treatment within 6 weeks of initial enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of tibiofemoral OA based on imaging evidence in the electronic health records in the past year or self-report
* History of patellar or intra-articular knee trauma (e.g., dislocation/fracture) or surgery
* History of neurodegenerative conditions that may affect movement patterns (e.g., Multiple Sclerosis)
* Meniscal or ligamentous pathologies within the past year based on imaging evidence of acute injury in the electronic health record or self-report
* Quadriceps or patellar tendon injuries within the past year based on imaging evidence of acute injury in the electronic health record or self-report
* Known pregnancy (pregnant females may be eligible for participation after end of pregnancy and medical clearance by a qualified and licensed healthcare provider)
* Receipt of physical therapy care for PFP within the three months prior to enrollment
* Known to be pending medical evaluation board, discharge from the military, scheduled deployment, or litigation for an injury at time of enrollment.

Where this trial is running

San Diego, California

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Patellofemoral PainPhysical TherapyMilitaryService membersRehabilitationClinical Practice Guidelines
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.