Glucagon resistance in MASLD and type 2 diabetes

Mechanisms for Glucagon Resistance as Driver of Metabolic Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease in Humans With Type 2 Diabetes

Not applicable Interventional University of Aarhus · NCT07246421

This will see if people with type 2 diabetes, with or without MASLD, respond differently to glucagon in liver fat oxidation and VLDL-triglyceride secretion.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment24 (estimated)
Ages30 Years to 70 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of Aarhus Academic / other
Locations1 site (Aarhus)
Trial IDNCT07246421 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

Researchers will compare adults with type 2 diabetes who have MASLD to those without MASLD to determine whether glucagon's effects on hepatic fatty acid oxidation and suppression of VLDL-TG secretion differ between groups. Participants attend two short visits and one full-day visit for DXA body composition, MRI liver fat measurement, ultrasound elastography, blood tests, adipose tissue biopsies, and PET-CT imaging. During the full-day visit an 8-hour hormone and tracer infusion including basal and high glucagon phases will measure dynamic metabolic responses and collect lipidomic/metabolomic data. The protocol integrates imaging, tracer kinetics, and molecular profiling to characterize a potential glucagon-resistant phenotype in humans with T2DM and MASLD.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults with type 2 diabetes diagnosed at least six months earlier, BMI >26 kg/m², able to travel to Aarhus, and either meeting MR-spectroscopy liver fat >5.6% for the MASLD group or lacking MASLD for the comparator group.

Not a fit: People with severely uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥100 mmol/mol), low C-peptide (<200 pmol/L), current insulin or other excluded medications, active smoking, recent cancer, pregnancy, or recent radioactive isotope exposure are unlikely to qualify or benefit.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, the trial could identify glucagon resistance as a mechanism driving liver fat in people with type 2 diabetes and point to new treatment targets.

How similar studies have performed: Animal and some human studies support a role for glucagon in hepatic lipid metabolism, but comprehensive human protocols combining tracer infusions, PET-CT, and lipidomics to define glucagon resistance remain limited.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* BMI \> 26 kg/m²
* confirmed diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) min. 6 months prior enrollment
* steatosis FF% \> 5,6% on MR spectroscopy for MAFLD group

Exclusion Criteria:

* Alcohol abuse (\>10 units per week for both sexes) or other substance abuse
* Smoking
* Current or previous malignant disease
* Blood donation within the last 3 months prior to the study day
* Participation in studies involving radioactive isotopes within the past 3 months
* Pregnancy
* Severely dysregulated type 2 diabetes mellitus (haemoglobin A1c ≥ 100 mmol/mol)
* C-peptide \< 200 pmol/L
* Previous acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
* Clinical symptoms of heart failure
* Current or previous malignant disease
* Known ongoing systemic disease, except for dyslipidaemia and hypertension
* Regular use of medication that may affect lipid and glucose metabolism, including insulin treatment, regular use of over-the-counter medications, and hormonal contraception. Exceptions:

  1. Participants treated with statins may be included following a 2-week washout period prior to the experimental study day.
  2. Participants receiving oral glucose-lowering therapy for T2DM and antihypertensive medication may be included provided that medication is withheld on the study day only.
  3. Participants receiving weekly injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 analogues) may be included following a 1-week washout period prior to the study day.

Where this trial is running

Aarhus

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver DiseaseType 2 DiabetesMASLDGlucagonGlucagon Resistance
Last reviewed 2026-06-09 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.