Exploring how language affects pain perception during epidural anesthesia

Will Negative Phrasing Create a Nocebo Effect During Epidural Placement When Compared to Positive Phrasing? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Not applicable Interventional University of Minnesota · NCT04497220

This study tests if the way anesthesiologists talk about epidurals can change how much pain first-time labor patients feel during the procedure.

Quick facts

PhaseNot applicable
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment30 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexFemale
SponsorUniversity of Minnesota Academic / other
Locations1 site (Minneapolis, Minnesota)
Trial IDNCT04497220 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This study investigates whether the wording used by anesthesiologists when describing the epidural procedure can influence patients' pain perception. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a negative or positive description of the procedure before receiving their epidural. The aim is to determine if a more positive framing can lead to lower pain scores during the administration of the epidural. The study focuses on first-time epidural patients during labor.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are pregnant individuals requesting an epidural for the first time.

Not a fit: Patients who have had a previous epidural or have certain medical histories, such as chronic pain or opioid abuse, may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could lead to reduced pain and anxiety for patients undergoing epidural anesthesia.

How similar studies have performed: While the specific approach of using language to influence pain perception is less common, similar studies have shown that patient communication can impact pain experiences.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy
* requesting an epidural for the first time

Exclusion Criteria:

* previous epidural (either for labor or for surgery)
* BMI greater than 40 kg/m\^2
* previous lumbar spine surgery
* inability to speak English
* a history of chronic pain or are on chronic opioids
* a history of opioid drug abuse

Where this trial is running

Minneapolis, Minnesota

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions AnesthesiaEpidural Anesthesia
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.