Evaluating different schedules of the PCV13 vaccine in children in Malawi

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13 (PCV13) Schedule Change From 3+0 to 2+1 to Accelerate Reduction in Pneumococcal Vaccine Serotype Carriage in Blantyre, Malawi: an Effectiveness Study

Observational University of Liverpool · NCT04078997

This study is testing whether giving the PCV13 vaccine in two different ways helps reduce the spread of pneumonia-causing bacteria among children in Malawi.

Quick facts

Study typeObservational
Enrollment5900 (estimated)
Ages15 Months to 40 Years
SexAll
SponsorUniversity of Liverpool Academic / other
Locations1 site (Blantyre, Chichiri)
Trial IDNCT04078997 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This observational study aims to compare the effectiveness of two different schedules of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in reducing pneumococcal carriage among children in Blantyre, Malawi. The study will involve nasopharyngeal swabs from PCV13-vaccinated children aged 9 months to 10 years to assess the impact of the 2+1 versus 3+0 dosing schedules. By understanding how these schedules affect pneumococcal carriage, the study seeks to inform vaccination strategies that could enhance herd immunity and reduce disease transmission in high-burden settings. The research is conducted in collaboration with local health authorities and aims to address the unique challenges faced in low-income countries regarding pneumococcal disease.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this study are children aged 9 months to 10 years who have received the PCV13 vaccine and reside in Blantyre District.

Not a fit: Patients who have not received any PCV13 vaccinations or are outside the specified age range may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this study could lead to improved vaccination strategies that enhance protection against pneumococcal disease in children.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown success with similar vaccine evaluation approaches, particularly in industrialized countries, but this specific evaluation in a low-income setting is novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
INCLUSION CRITERIA

PCV13-vaccinated children, 15-24 months of age (schedule 2+1 or 3+1):

* Aged between 15-24 month
* Permanent resident in Blantyre District
* Parent/legal guardian consent for the child to have a NP swab taken
* Evidence of having received a full schedule of PCV13 vaccination recorded in the health passport and which schedule given

PCV13-vaccinated children, 9 months of age (schedule 2+0 or 3+0):

* Aged 9 months
* Permanent resident in Blantyre District
* Parent/legal guardian consent for the child to have a NP swab taken
* Evidence of having received either a full 3+0 schedule or both primary doses (at approximately 6 and 14 weeks of age) of the 2+1 schedule of PCV13 vaccination recorded in the health passport

PCV13-vaccinated children, 5-10 years of age (schedule 3+0):

* Aged between 5-10 years
* Parent/legal guardian consent for the child to have a NP swab taken
* If the child is ≥8 years old, child assent to have a NP swab taken
* Either verbal or documented evidence of having received primary immunization with PCV

PCV13-unvaccinated HIV-infected adults on ART 18 - 40 years of age:

• Aged 18-40 years

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

For all participants:

* Current TB treatment
* Pneumonia hospitalization \<14 days before study enrolment
* Terminal illness

For Children:

* No parental/legal guardian consent
* No child assent (children aged \>8 years old)
* Having received antibiotic treatment \<14 days before study enrolment

For Adults:

* Unable or unwilling to provide consent
* Prior vaccination with pneumococcal vaccine

Where this trial is running

Blantyre, Chichiri

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions 13-valent Pneumococcal VaccineStreptococcus PneumoniaePneumococcal carriagePneumococcal conjugate vaccineVaccine scheduleEvaluationChildrenHerd immunity
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.