Evaluating a new CAR-T cell treatment for relapsed or refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects must meet all of the following criteria to be enrolled:

* Subjects volunteer to participate in clinical trails, understand and inform the trials and sign informed consent form, be willing to complete all the trial procedures;
* Aged from 18 to 70 years (including cut-off value), Male and female;
* Expected survival \> 12 weeks;
* Previously diagnosed as Acute Myeloid Leukemia by ELN updated criteria (2017) and one of the following indicators that is satisfied:

  1. AML patients who have not achieved complete remission (CR) after at least three cycles of standard induction therapy, or
  2. AML patients who achieved complete remission after induction therapy but relapsed within one year, or
  3. AML patients who achieved complete remission after induction therapy for more than one year but did not achieve remission after one cycle of chemotherapy with the original regimen following relapse, or
  4. AML patients who relapsed after transplantation, or
  5. AML patients who experienced two or more relapses. Note: For patients meeting conditions a), b), or c) with FLT3 mutations, they must have undergone at least one treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) without achieving complete remission or have relapsed after achieving complete remission, except for those who cannot tolerate TKI therapy or have contraindications to TKI treatment.
* Positive for FLT3 mutation confirmed by leukemia cell genetic testing, or FLT3 expression ≥35%;
* ECOG performance status score of 1-2;
* Liver, kidney, heart, and lung functions meeting the following criteria:

  1. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m² or serum creatinine ≤2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN);
  2. Serum AST and ALT ≤3 times of ULN, and total bilirubin ≤1.5 times the ULN;
  3. Oxygen saturation \> 92%;
  4. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%, with no pericardial effusion observed on ultrasound, and no clinically significant electrocardiographic abnormalities.
* Able to understand the study and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL M3);
* With any presence of other uncontrolled malignancies (unless evaluated as unlikely to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the trial);
* Previously treated with CAR-T cells or other genetically modified cellular therapies
* Displayed history or evidence of significant cardiovascular risks, including any of the following: congestive heart failure, unstable angina, clinically significant arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia), coronary angioplasty within 6 months before administration, implantable cardiac defibrillator, or any clinically relevant comorbidities that pose safety risks or interfere with study assessments, procedures, or completion;
* Positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) with HBV DNA levels ≥ the detection limit in peripheral blood; positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody with detectable HCV RNA; positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies; or positive for syphilis testing;
* Positive for acute or chronic hepatitis C. Exceptions: acute hepatitis C with complete viral clearance; chronic hepatitis C with a sustained virological response (SVR24) 24 weeks post-treatment confirming undetectable viral load;
* Having history of arterial or venous thrombosis within 3 months prior to enrollment;
* Having history of Graft-versus-host disease requiring systemic immunomodulators;
* Having history of central nervous system diseases or conditions requiring treatment (e.g., uncontrolled seizures);
* Having uncontrolled active infections;
* Known allergy to any components of CI-135 CAR-T cell formulation or the lymphodepletion regimen (cyclophosphamide and fludarabine);
* Currently pregnant or lactating female, or female subjects planning pregnancy within 1 year after cell infusion, or male subjects with partners planning pregnancy within 1 year after infusion;
* Having other conditions deemed unsuitable for enrollment by the investigator.