Combining venetoclax with chemotherapy for treating acute myeloid leukemia

Phase 1b Study of Venetoclax in Combination With Intensive Induction and Consolidation Chemotherapy in Treatment Naïve Subjects With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

This study is testing a combination of a new drug called venetoclax with standard chemotherapy to see if it can help people with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia feel better and improve their treatment outcomes.

Quick facts

• Phase: Phase 1
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 64 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years to 60 Years
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (Academic / other)
• Drugs / interventions: chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation
• Locations: 2 sites (Chicago, Illinois and 1 other locations)
• Trial ID: NCT03709758 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This Phase I clinical trial is investigating the safety and optimal dosing of venetoclax when used in combination with the chemotherapy drugs daunorubicin and cytarabine for patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study is structured in three parts: the first part focuses on induction therapy with escalating doses of venetoclax, the second part on consolidation therapy, and the third part involves an expansion cohort using the maximum tolerated doses identified in the first two parts. The goal is to determine the highest safe dose of venetoclax to enhance treatment efficacy for AML patients.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates for this study are adults aged 18 to 60 who have newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and have not received prior treatment, except for limited hydroxyurea.

Not a fit: Patients who are older than 60 or have received prior treatment for AML beyond hydroxyurea may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment approach could improve outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia by providing a more effective therapy option.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promising results with venetoclax in combination with chemotherapy for different hematologic malignancies, suggesting potential success for this approach in AML.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with AML who are newly diagnosed according to the WHO 2016 Classification and previously untreated with the exception of hydroxyurea. ATRA pretreatment for suspected APL for less than 5 days is allowed. Eligible patients with AML arising from an antecedent hematologic disease (AHD) including MDS, may have been treated for their prior hematologic disease (except for allogenic transplant).
* AML patients include de-novo AML, AML evolving from MDS or other AHD and AML after previous cytotoxic therapy or radiation (secondary AML).

  * For a diagnosis of AML, a bone marrow or peripheral blast count of 20% or more is required.
  * In AML with monocytic or myelomonocytic differentiation, monoblasts and promonocytes, but not abnormal mature monocytes, are counted as blast equivalents.
* Patients must be ≥18 and ≤60 years old.
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance status of 0 to 2. (See protocol Appendix D.)
* LVEF ≥ 45% by MUGA or ECHO at screening.
* Adequate renal function as demonstrated by a calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min; determined via urine collection for 24-hour creatinine clearance or by the Cockcroft Gault formula.
* Adequate liver function as demonstrated by:

  * aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 × ULN\*
  * alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5× ULN\*
  * total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN\*
* Unless considered due to leukemic organ involvement.
* Subjects with Gilbert's Syndrome may have a total bilirubin \> 1.5 × ULN per discussion with the overall study PI
* Male subjects must agree to refrain from unprotected sex and sperm donation from initial study drug administration until 90 days after the last dose of study drug.
* Females of childbearing potential (i.e., not postmenopausal for at least 1 year or not surgically sterile) must have negative results by a serum pregnancy test performed within 7 days of day 1.
* Subject must voluntarily sign and date an informed consent, approved by an Independent Ethics Committee (IEC)/Institutional Review Board (IRB), prior to the initiation of any screening or study-specific procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subject has acute promyelocytic leukemia, inversion16, t(8;21) or FLT3 mutant AML as described below. Contact PI with questions.

  * Inversion 16 and t(8;21): CBF chromosomal abnormalities may be assessed by molecular (PCR), metaphase cytogenetics, or FISH
  * FLT3: ITD or a point mutation in the TKD loop of variant allele fractions ≥5% by PCR, capillary electrophoresis, or NGS panel capable of defining FLT3 allelic burden
* Subject has known active CNS involvement with AML.
* Subject has tested positive for HIV (due to potential drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral medications and venetoclax, as well as anticipated venetoclax mechanism-based lymphopenia that may potentially increase the risk of opportunistic infections). Note: HIV testing is not required.
* Subject is known to be positive for hepatitis B or C infection with the exception of those with an undetectable viral load within 3 months. (Hepatitis B or C testing is not required). Subjects with serologic evidence of prior vaccination to HBV \[i.e., HBs Ag-, and anti-HBs+\] are allowed.
* Subject has received the following within 7 days prior to the initiation of study treatment:

  * Strong or moderate CYP3A inducers (see Appendix C)
  * Strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors (see Appendix C)
* Subject has consumed grapefruit, grapefruit products, Seville oranges (including marmalade containing Seville oranges) or Star fruit within 3 days prior to the initiation of study treatment.
* Subject has a cardiovascular disability status of New York Heart Association Class ≥ 2. Class 2 is defined as cardiac disease in which patients are comfortable at rest but ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitations, dyspnea, or anginal pain.
* Subject has a significant history of renal, neurologic, psychiatric, endocrinologic, metabolic, immunologic, hepatic, cardiovascular disease, or any other medical condition that in the opinion of the investigator would adversely affect his/her participating in this study.
* Subject has chronic respiratory disease that requires continuous oxygen use.
* Subject has a malabsorption syndrome or other condition that precludes enteral route of administration.
* Subject exhibits evidence of other clinically significant uncontrolled condition(s) including, but not limited to: uncontrolled systemic infection.
* Subject has a history of other malignancies prior to study entry, with the exception of:

  * Adequately treated in situ carcinoma of the cervix uteri or carcinoma in situ of breast;
  * Basal cell carcinoma of the skin or localized squamous cell carcinoma of the skin;
  * Previous malignancy confined and surgically resected (or treated with other modalities) with curative intent.
  * Prior malignancies treated with (surgery+/- chemotherapy+/- radiation) that have remained disease free for at least two years after completion of therapy
* Subject has a white blood cell count \> 25 × 109/L. Note: Hydroxyurea is permitted to meet this criterion.
* Subject treated with any form of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or investigative agent within 1 month of enrollment.

Where this trial is running

Chicago, Illinois and 1 other locations

• University of Chicago — Chicago, Illinois, United States (Recruiting)
• Dana Farber Cancer Institute — Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Richard Stone, MD — Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
• Study coordinator: Richard Stone, MD

Conditions Acute Myeloid Leukemia