Combining venetoclax and azacitidine to treat high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome

Phase I/II of Venetoclax in Combination With Azacitidine in Treatment Naïve and Relapse Refractory High Risk MDS Individuals"

Phase1; Phase2 Interventional M.D. Anderson Cancer Center · NCT04160052

This study is testing if combining two medications, venetoclax and azacitidine, can help people with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome who haven't responded well to other treatments.

Quick facts

PhasePhase1; Phase2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment116 (estimated)
Ages18 Years and up
SexAll
SponsorM.D. Anderson Cancer Center Academic / other
Drugs / interventionschemotherapy
Locations1 site (Houston, Texas)
Trial IDNCT04160052 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This clinical trial evaluates the safety and effectiveness of venetoclax in combination with azacitidine for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) that is either recurrent or refractory to previous treatments. The study is divided into two phases: the first phase focuses on determining the optimal dosage and safety profile, while the second phase assesses the overall response rate and other secondary outcomes such as complete remission rates and overall survival. Patients will receive venetoclax orally and azacitidine either subcutaneously or intravenously over a series of treatment cycles. The trial also aims to identify biological markers that may predict response to the treatment.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates include patients with high-risk MDS or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia who are either treatment-naive or have not responded to prior hypomethylating agent therapy.

Not a fit: Patients with low-risk MDS or those who have not received prior treatment may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this treatment could provide a new effective option for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome who have limited treatment alternatives.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies have shown promising results with similar combinations of venetoclax and azacitidine, indicating potential for success in this approach.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* For phase I, patients can be HMA-naive high-risk MDS (Int-2 or high risk by the International Prognostic Scoring System \[IPSS\] with overall score \>= 1.5) with excess blasts \> 5%, or relapsed/refractory MDS post-HMA failure (defined as prior receipt of 4 cycles of HMA therapy with failure to attain a response, or progression of disease or relapse at any time after prior response to HMA therapy) with \> 5% blasts
* For phase II, patients will be divided into 2 cohorts: Cohort A: patients with HMA-naive high-risk MDS (Int-2 or high risk by the IPSS with overall score \>= 1.5) with excess blasts \> 5%. Cohort B: patients with relapsed/refractory MDS post-HMA failure (defined as prior receipt of 4 cycles of HMA therapy with failure to attain a response, or progression of disease or relapse at any time after prior response to HMA therapy) with \> 5% blasts are eligible. Note: Patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and therapy-related MDS are eligible. Hydroxyurea is allowed to lower the white cell count =\< 10,000/ul prior to initiation of venetoclax
* Total bilirubin \< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN) unless increase is due to Gilbert's disease or leukemic involvement
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \< 4 x ULN unless considered due to leukemic involvement
* Creatinine \< 2 x ULN unless related to the disease
* Signed written informed consent. Consent may be translated for Non-English Speaking Patients per institutional policy.
* Females must be surgically or biologically sterile or postmenopausal (amenorrheic for at least 12 months) or if of childbearing potential, must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 72 hours before the start of the treatment. Women of childbearing potential must agree to use an adequate method of contraception during the study and until 3 months after the last treatment
* Males must be surgically or biologically sterile or agree to use an adequate method of contraception during the study until 3 months after the last treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients having received any prior BCL2 inhibitor therapy
* Patients with MDS with IPSS risk categories low or Int-1 (overall IPSS score \< 1.5)
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Cognitively impaired patients

Where this trial is running

Houston, Texas

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Chronic Myelomonocytic LeukemiaMyelodysplastic SyndromeRecurrent Myelodysplastic SyndromeRefractory Myelodysplastic SyndromeTherapy-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.