Blood sugar control and a GLP-1 medicine's effect on islet GLP-1 in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes

The Effect of Glycemic Control and of GLP-1 Receptor Agonism on Islet GLP-1 in People

Phase 2 Interventional Mayo Clinic · NCT06976619

We will test whether tighter blood sugar control and a GLP-1 drug (liraglutide) change islet GLP-1 in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use insulin.

Quick facts

PhasePhase 2
Study typeInterventional
Enrollment60 (estimated)
Ages25 Years to 70 Years
SexAll
SponsorMayo Clinic Academic / other
Locations1 site (Rochester, Minnesota)
Trial IDNCT06976619 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This Phase 2 interventional study will compare the effects of improved glycemic control with or without a GLP-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide) on islet GLP-1 production in people with insulin-treated type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Participants will receive liraglutide injections or saline while glycemic control is managed, and investigators will measure islet-related GLP-1 signals and related insulin and glucagon responses. The design tests whether presence or absence of functional beta cells (T2DM vs T1DM) changes the islet response to GLP-1 agonism. All procedures and visits are conducted at a single center with laboratory and metabolic assessments to characterize paracrine islet effects.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Adults aged 25–70 with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who are treated with insulin, have HbA1c ≤10%, no major abdominal surgery history, and no GLP-1 receptor agonist use in the past year are ideal candidates.

Not a fit: People who are younger than 25 or older than 70, pregnant, have active systemic illness or malignancy, symptomatic macro- or microvascular disease, or recent GLP-1 use are unlikely to qualify or benefit from this protocol.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify ways to modulate islet hormone signaling that may improve insulin and glucagon regulation and inform new treatments for diabetes.

How similar studies have performed: Related animal and human studies have shown islet GLP-1 signaling and effects of GLP1R blockade, but using GLP-1 agonists to differentially target islet GLP-1 in T1 versus T2 diabetes is relatively novel.

Eligibility criteria

Show full inclusion / exclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:

* Type 1 or type 2 diabetes treated with insulin

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Age \< 25 or \> 70 years.
2. HbA1c \> 10.0%
3. For female subjects: positive pregnancy test at the time of enrollment or study
4. History of prior upper abdominal surgery such as adjustable gastric banding, pyloroplasty and vagotomy.
5. Prior use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the previous year.
6. Active systemic illness or malignancy.
7. Symptomatic macrovascular or microvascular disease.

Where this trial is running

Rochester, Minnesota

Study contacts

How to participate

  1. Review the eligibility criteria above with your treating physician.
  2. Visit the official trial page on ClinicalTrials.gov for the most current contact information and recruitment status.
  3. Contact the listed study coordinator or principal investigator to request pre-screening. Pre-screening is free and never obligates you to enroll.
Conditions Type 1 DiabetesType 2 DiabetesIslet FunctionGlucose Toxicity
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.