Allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy for relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

A Phase 1/2 Single-center Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of TRAC and Power3 (SPPL3) Genes Knock-out Allogeneic CD19-targeting CAR-T Cell (ATHENA) Therapy in Adults With Refractory/Relapsed B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

This study is testing a new CAR-T cell therapy to see if it can help people with hard-to-treat B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma feel better and have more treatment options.

Quick facts

• Phase: Phase1; Phase2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 30 (estimated)
• Ages: 18 Years to 70 Years
• Sex: All
• Sponsor: Chinese PLA General Hospital (Academic / other)
• Drugs / interventions: CAR-T, chemotherapy, radiation, chimeric antigen receptor, immunotherapy, CAR T
• Locations: 3 sites (Beijing and 2 other locations)
• Trial ID: NCT06014073 on ClinicalTrials.gov

What this trial studies

This clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of ATHENA CAR-T cell therapy, which utilizes allogeneic T cells that have been genetically modified to target CD19 in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The study is divided into two phases: Phase 1 focuses on dose escalation to determine the maximum tolerated dose, while Phase 2 assesses the efficacy of the therapy at the recommended dose. Participants will receive three doses of CAR-T cells, with safety monitored throughout the trial. The study aims to provide a new treatment option for patients who have not responded to standard therapies.

Who should consider this trial

Good fit: Ideal candidates are adults aged 18-70 with histologically confirmed relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Not a fit: Patients with other types of lymphoma or those who are not within the specified age range may not benefit from this study.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this therapy could offer a new, effective treatment option for patients with difficult-to-treat B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

How similar studies have performed: Other studies utilizing CAR-T cell therapy have shown promising results, indicating that this approach may be effective for similar patient populations.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-70 (inclusive).
2. Subjects who meet the following requirements:

   2.1 Histologically confirmed refractory/relapsed B cell NHL, including the following types defined by WHO 2016:
   * Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified;
   * Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL);
   * Transformed follicular lymphoma (TFL);
   * High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (HGBCL);
   * Follicular lymphoma (FL);
   * Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (pathologically confirmed, with documentation of monoclonal B cells that have a chromosome translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) and/or overexpress cyclin D1);
   * Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), including nodal or splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

   2.2 Relapsed disease is defined as disease progression (PD) after achieving disease remission (including CR and PR) with the latest standard regimen.

   2.3 Refractory disease is defined as no CR to first-line therapy:
   * Evaluation of PD (never reached response or SD) after standard first-line treatment, or
   * SD as best response after at least 4 cycles of first-line therapy (eg,4 cycles of R-CHOP), or
   * PR as best response after at least 6 cycles and biopsy-proven residual disease or disease progression ≤ 6 months of therapy, or
   * Refractory post-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) i. Disease progression or relapsed less than or equal to 12 months of ASCT (must have biopsy proven recurrence in relapsed individuals) ii. If salvage therapy is given post-ASCT, the individual must have had no response to or relapsed after the last line of therapy.

   2.4 Individuals who are intolerant to standard treatment can also be included in the study in the investigator's judgment.
3. Individuals must have received adequate prior therapy:

   3.1 For MCL, prior therapy must have included:
   * Anthracycline or bendamustine-containing chemotherapy and
   * Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (unless investigator determines that tumor is CD20-negative) and
   * Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi).

   3.2 For other types, prior therapy must have included:
   * Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (unless investigator determines that tumor is CD20-negative) and
   * Anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimen.

   3.3 For individual with transformed FL must have relapse or refractory disease after transformation to DLBCL.
4. At least 1 measurable lesion: lymph node site with a long axis \>1.5cm, extranodal site with a long axis \>1.0cm (according to Lugano2014). Lesions that have been previously irradiated will be considered measurable only if progression has been documented following completion of radiation therapy.
5. CD19 positive (detected by immunohistochemistry \[IHC\]).
6. Toxicities due to prior therapy must be stable and recovered to ≤ Grade 1 (except for hematological toxicities and clinically non-significant toxicities such as alopecia).
7. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2.
8. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1 x 10\^9/L, Platelet count ≥50 x 10\^9/L, hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 80g/L (hemocytopenia caused by lymphoma invasion of bone marrow is not subject to conditions above).
9. Adequate renal, hepatic, pulmonary and cardiac function defined as:

   9.1 Serum creatinine≤1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN) or creatinine clearance (as estimated by Cockcroft Gault) ≥ 60 mL/min.

   9.2 Serum alanine aminotransferase / aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) ≤ 3 upper limit of normal (ULN); Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 ULN, except in subjects with 3) Gilbert's syndrome.

   9.3 Cardiac ejection fraction ≥ 50%, no evidence of pericardial effusion as determined by an echocardiogram (ECHO), and no clinically significant electrocardiogram (ECG) findings.

   9.4 Coagulation Function: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) ≤ 1.5 times ULN.

   9.5 Baseline oxygen saturation \>91% on room air.
10. Subjects of both genders who are willing to practice birth control from the time of consent through 6 months after the completion of conditioning chemotherapy. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (females who have undergone surgical sterilization or who have been postmenopausal for at least 2 years are not considered to be of childbearing potential).
11. Voluntarily participate in this clinical trial and sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Expected survival time \< 3 months per Principal Investigator's opinion.
2. History of malignancy other than nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ (e.g. cervix, bladder, breast) or follicular lymphoma unless disease free for at least 3 years.
3. Autologous stem cell transplant with therapeutic intent within 3 months of planned ATHENA CAR-T infusion.
4. History of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
5. Prior CD19 targeted therapy.
6. Patients who have used any of the following agents or treatments within a specific period of time:

   6.1 Received any chemotherapy drugs or small molecule targeted drugs within 2 weeks prior to lymphodepletion;

   6.2 Received any monoclonal antibodies, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), or bispecific antibodies within 3 weeks prior to lymphodepletion;

   6.3 Received radiotherapy within 6 weeks prior to lymphodepletion. However, if disease progressed at the site of radiotherapy, or if there are positive lesions detected by PET-CT at non-radiotherapy sites, enrollment is allowed.
7. Prior CAR-T therapy or other genetically modified T cell therapy.
8. Subjects with detectable cerebrospinal fluid malignant cells, or brain metastases, or with a history of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma or primary CNS lymphoma.
9. History of severe, immediate hypersensitivity reaction attributed to lymphodepletion drugs or any component of ATHENA CAR-T.
10. Presence or suspicion of fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection that is uncontrolled or requiring intravenous (IV) antimicrobials for management.
11. Uncontrolled or active infectious diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acute or chronic active hepatitis B or C, epstein-barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
12. History or presence of central nervous system (CNS) disorder such as seizure disorder, cerebrovascular ischemia/hemorrhage, dementia, cerebellar disease, or any autoimmune disease with CNS involvement.
13. Subjects with cardiac atrial or cardiac ventricular lymphoma involvement.
14. History of myocardial infarction, cardiac angioplasty or stenting, unstable angina, or other clinically significant cardiac disease within 12 months of enrollment.
15. Expected or possible requirement for urgent therapy within 6 weeks due to ongoing or impending oncologic emergency (eg, tumor mass effect, tumor lysis syndrome).
16. Primary immunodeficiency.
17. History of autoimmune disease (e.g. Crohn's, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus) resulting in end organ injury or requiring systemic immunosuppression/systemic disease modifying agents within the last 2 years.
18. History of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism requiring systemic anticoagulation within 6 months of enrollment.
19. Any medical condition likely to interfere with assessment of safety or efficacy of study treatment.
20. History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents used in this study.
21. Vaccine ≤ 6 weeks prior to planned start of conditioning regimen.
22. In the investigator's judgment, the subject is unlikely to complete all protocol-required study visits or procedures, including follow-up visits, or comply with the study requirements for participation.

Where this trial is running

Beijing and 2 other locations

• Biotherapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital — Beijing, China (Recruiting)
• EdiGene Inc — Beijing, China (Recruiting)
• School of Life Sciences, Peking University — Beijing, China (Recruiting)

Study contacts

• Principal investigator: Weidong Han, Ph.D — Biotherapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital
• Study coordinator: Weidong Han, Ph.D

Conditions Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma