A-CAR032 CAR-T therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Participant must be 18 years or older at the time of signing the ICF. Type of Participant and Disease Characteristics
2. Participants with:

   1. A histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate without known neuroendocrine differentiation or small cell features.
   2. Castration-resistant prostate cancer as defined by disease progression despite castration by orchiectomy or ongoing luteinising hormone-releasing hormone analogue. Participants receiving medical castration therapy with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues should continue this treatment during the study.
   3. Measurable PSA≥1 ng/mL AND
   4. Evidence of progression within 6 months prior to screening
3. Participant has previously received an ARPI (ie, abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide, rezvilutamide) whether before or in the metastatic castration-resistant setting, and in the judgment of the investigator, be ineligible for standard treatment.
4. Minimum life expectancy of \> 12 weeks prior to apheresis in the opinion of the investigator.
5. Adequate organ and marrow function
6. Consent and provision of tumour material to assess STEAP2 expression and other correlative biomarkers retrospectively with pre- and post-treatment biopsies.
7. Contraceptive use should be consistent with local regulations regarding the methods of contraception for those participating in clinical studies.
8. The participant voluntarily participates in the study, and the individual or their legal guardian signs the ICF.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Known life-threatening allergies, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to the CAR-T product or its excipients, including dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
2. Contraindication to lymphodepleting agents, including fludarabine and/or cyclophosphamide.
3. History of another primary malignancy except for:

   1. Malignancy treated with curative intent and with no known active disease within 3 years before the apheresis and of low potential risk for recurrence.
   2. Adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer or lentigo malignancy without evidence of disease.
   3. Adequately treated carcinoma in situ without evidence of disease.
4. Participants with known brain metastases.
5. History of splenectomy or organ transplantation.
6. Prior treatment with:

   1. Any CAR-T therapy. OR
   2. Any therapy that is targeting STEAP2.
7. Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders
8. Cardiac arrhythmias which are symptomatic or require treatment unless controlled by pacemaker (judged by investigator); symptomatic or uncontrolled atrial fibrillation despite treatment, or asymptomatic sustained ventricular tachycardia.
9. Active infection, including:

   1. HBV infection is defined as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, or hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) positive and HBV DNA detectable.
   2. HCV infection is defined as HCV antibody positive and HCV RNA positive.
   3. CMV infection is defined as CMV DNA detectable.
   4. Syphilis infection is defined as syphilis antigen and antibody positive.
   5. HIV infection is defined as HIV 1/2 antibody positive.
   6. Other persistent or active infections requiring systemic treatment (prophylactic use of anti-infective drugs is allowed).
10. Patients with central nervous system (CNS) diseases:
11. Obvious risk or tendency of bleeding or active bleeding (eg, clinically significant hemoptysis, tumour bleeding, history of von Willebrand disease or hemophilia etc.).
12. Plans to father a child during the study period.
13. Patients with alcohol or drug abuse.
14. Participants may not receive full-dose long acting oral or parenteral anticoagulants or thrombolytic agents for therapeutic (as opposed to prophylactic) purpose from the time of informed consent to 28 days post infusion of A-CAR032. Use of short acting direct oral anticoagulants for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes are permitted.
15. Received the following:

    1. Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to apheresis or existence of unhealed wound, or planned major surgery within 4 weeks of the study treatment administration
    2. Steroids (except inhaled steroids) or other immunomodulators (including interleukins, interferons, and thymosins) of systemic therapeutic dose, and systemic corticosteroids at doses exceeding 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent within 5 half-lives or 7 days (whichever is shorter) prior to apheresis.
16. Receipt of the last dose of anticancer therapy (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, endocrine therapy targeted therapy, biologic therapy, tumour embolisation, or monoclonal antibodies, investigational product) within 5 half-lives or ≤ 21 days (whichever is shorter) prior to apheresis.
17. Radiotherapy within 4 weeks of apheresis (However, if the radiation portal covered ≤ 5% of the bone marrow reserve, the participant is eligible irrespective of the end date of radiotherapy); or within 6 months or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) if local radioactive particle implantation was performed.