Why seizures stop breathing and cause sudden unexpected death in epilepsy

The neural circuitry of seizure-induced apnea and SUDEP

NIH-funded research University of Virginia · NIH-11377841

This project aims to find the brain circuits that cause seizures to stop breathing, which could help people with severe or treatment-resistant epilepsy.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Virginia NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Charlottesville, United States)
Project IDNIH-11377841 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers are using mouse models that carry epilepsy-linked gene changes and induced seizures to see which brainstem and midbrain areas trigger breathing to stop during tonic seizures. They will record electrical activity from neurons, map which cells are involved, and use genetic and functional tools to turn specific circuits on or off. The team is focusing on brainstem regions like the parabrachial/Kölliker-Fuse nucleus and the periaqueductal gray as potential nodal points for seizure-induced apnea. The work builds on findings that artificial ventilation can prevent death and aims to identify targets that could be translated into ways to prevent SUDEP.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with epilepsy—especially those with frequent tonic seizures or treatment-resistant epilepsy—are the population most likely to benefit from discoveries that reduce seizure-induced breathing failure.

Not a fit: People whose events are non-epileptic or whose seizures do not cause breathing problems are unlikely to get direct benefit from this basic laboratory work in the short term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could point to new ways to prevent seizures from stopping breathing and lower the risk of SUDEP for people with epilepsy.

How similar studies have performed: Previous animal studies have shown that seizure-induced apnea can cause sudden death and that artificial ventilation can prevent death, but detailed mapping of the exact brain circuits involved is a newer effort.

Where this research is happening

Charlottesville, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.