Why melanoma spreads to the liver and resists immunotherapy

Mechanisms of liver metastasis and associated resistance to immunotherapy

NIH-funded research Columbia University Health Sciences · NIH-11129064

This work looks for the biological reasons melanoma spreads to the liver and why those liver tumors often do not respond to immunotherapy, to help people with metastatic melanoma.

Quick facts

Grant typeR37 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionColumbia University Health Sciences NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (New York, United States)
Project IDNIH-11129064 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From a patient perspective, researchers use a mouse model that mimics how melanoma spreads to the liver and how those liver tumors behave during treatment. They run large-scale CRISPR-Cas9 gene screens in these models to find genes and pathways that drive liver-specific metastasis. The team also compares genomic data from human liver metastasis samples to the mouse findings to pinpoint mechanisms linked to resistance to immune checkpoint drugs. Ultimately the goal is to identify targets that could be tested to improve immunotherapy response for liver metastases.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates would be people with melanoma that has metastasized to the liver or those providing tumor tissue from liver metastases.

Not a fit: Patients with early-stage melanoma confined to the skin or without liver involvement are unlikely to see direct benefits from this specific project in the near term.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new targets or strategies to make immunotherapy work better for patients with melanoma that has spread to the liver.

How similar studies have performed: Prior research shows liver metastases often respond poorly to immunotherapy and some genes linked to metastasis have been found, but applying a large in vivo CRISPR screen focused on liver-specific melanoma spread is a relatively new approach.

Where this research is happening

New York, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.