Viruses and immune responses linked to islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children

Virome and Immune Responses associated with IA and Type 1 Diabetes

NIH-funded research Baylor College of Medicine · NIH-11501041

This project looks at viruses and immune cells in blood, nasal swabs, plasma, and stool from young children to understand how prolonged enterovirus infections may lead to early autoimmune changes that cause type 1 diabetes.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionBaylor College of Medicine NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Houston, United States)
Project IDNIH-11501041 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Researchers will analyze stored blood cells, nasal swabs, plasma, and stool from 450 children in the TEDDY cohort, comparing those who developed islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes by age 6 with matched controls. They will combine PCR and ampliseq virome testing of stool and nasal samples with detailed single-cell multi-omic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to map viral exposure and immune-cell changes over time. The team will identify children with confirmed prolonged enterovirus infections and study how the immune system differs in those who go on to develop autoantibodies or diabetes. These methods aim to reveal mechanisms by which prolonged enterovirus infections might trigger autoimmune attacks on insulin-producing cells.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Ideal candidates are young children (generally under age 6) with documented or suspected prolonged enterovirus infections or early islet autoantibodies, particularly those already enrolled in the TEDDY study.

Not a fit: Children without evidence of enterovirus exposure, without islet autoantibodies, or older individuals are unlikely to directly benefit from this project.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify viral triggers and immune signatures that help predict, prevent, or target early type 1 diabetes in children.

How similar studies have performed: Prior TEDDY findings linked prolonged enterovirus B infections to islet autoimmunity and related virome and immune-profiling studies have suggested associations, but detailed causal mechanisms remain unproven.

Where this research is happening

Houston, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Adenoviridae InfectionsAdenovirus Infections
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.