Using neighborhood disadvantage scores to make vaccine access fairer

Using Disadvantage Indices in Pandemic Vaccine Allocation and Beyond to Promote Health Opportunity

NIH-funded research University of Pennsylvania · NIH-11139513

This project looks at whether using neighborhood disadvantage scores helped make COVID-19 vaccine access fairer for communities with worse health and less access to care.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Philadelphia, United States)
Project IDNIH-11139513 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

From your perspective, the team studies how place-based disadvantage scores (which combine Census measures like income, education, and housing) were used to steer more vaccines to harder-hit neighborhoods during COVID-19. They will analyze statewide vaccine allocation plans, vaccination rates, and COVID-19 case data across U.S. neighborhoods to see what worked and what did not. The researchers work with an interdisciplinary team and a community advisory board to interpret results and suggest how these scores could be used in future pandemics, public health programs, or clinical outreach. Findings will look at both the benefits and potential downsides of using these scores for real-world decisions about who gets priority.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living in neighborhoods identified as disadvantaged or communities affected by state vaccine-allocation policies are the most relevant groups for this research.

Not a fit: Individuals whose access problems are not tied to where they live, such as those already able to get private or workplace-based vaccination, may not see direct benefits from these findings.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could help shape fairer vaccine and resource distribution policies that reduce health gaps for disadvantaged communities.

How similar studies have performed: Some programs and analyses suggest place-based indices helped reach underserved areas, but formal evidence is mixed and the rapid, varied adoption during COVID-19 means conclusions are still emerging.

Where this research is happening

Philadelphia, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions COVID-19 disease incidence
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.