Targeting tRNA changes to help treat cancer

Dysregulation of tRNA: a new paradigm for cancer therapies

NIH-funded research Dartmouth College · NIH-11112389

This project looks at whether changes in tiny RNA molecules called tRNAs can point to new treatment options for people with cancer.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionDartmouth College NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Hanover, United States)
Project IDNIH-11112389 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

If you have cancer, researchers here are studying how tRNAs — small molecules that help make proteins — can be altered in tumors to drive cancer growth. They focus on chemical changes such as m7G made by the METTL1-WDR4 complex and on specific oncogenic tRNAs that are elevated in some cancers. The team uses laboratory experiments, cancer cell models, and analyses of human tumor samples to see how changing tRNA levels or quality control affects tumor behavior. This is primarily lab- and tissue-based work intended to reveal targets for future therapies rather than offering direct treatments right now.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: In the future, patients whose tumors show high METTL1-WDR4 activity or elevated levels of specific oncogenic tRNAs (for example certain tRNA-Arg isoforms) might be candidates for therapies arising from this work.

Not a fit: Patients whose cancers are driven by unrelated mechanisms or who need immediate, standard-of-care treatments are unlikely to benefit directly from this basic laboratory research right now.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could identify new targets for cancer drugs that block or reverse cancer-promoting tRNA changes.

How similar studies have performed: Prior laboratory studies link METTL1 and specific tRNAs to cancer growth, but using therapies that target tRNA modifications is largely new and untested in people.

Where this research is happening

Hanover, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Cancer GenesCancer TreatmentCancer-Promoting GeneCancers
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.