Targeting the HIV protein Nef to help the immune system clear HIV

Chemical Biology of HIV-1 Nef

NIH-funded research University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh · NIH-11167783

Testing drugs that tag and destroy the HIV protein Nef so the immune system can find and kill infected cells in people living with HIV.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Pittsburgh, United States)
Project IDNIH-11167783 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

This project develops small molecules called PROTACs that bind the HIV protein Nef and force infected cells to degrade it. By removing Nef, these compounds restore MHC-I on the surface of infected T cells so killer T cells can recognize and destroy them. The team tests these molecules in infected immune cells from donors and studies how specifically and effectively they target Nef and block its functions. The aim is to reduce viral rebound and shrink the hidden HIV reservoir that persists despite standard antiretroviral therapy.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People living with HIV—especially those on antiretroviral therapy with suppressed viral loads but persistent latent reservoirs—would be the intended candidates for future trials.

Not a fit: People without HIV and those unable to enroll in clinical trials would not benefit, and because this work is primarily preclinical, direct patient benefit is not guaranteed at this stage.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this approach could help the immune system eliminate cells hiding HIV, lower the viral reservoir, and reduce reliance on lifelong antiretroviral therapy.

How similar studies have performed: PROTACs and other targeted protein-degradation approaches have shown promise in laboratory studies and some Nef inhibitors have worked in cell models, but human clinical success has not yet been established.

Where this research is happening

Pittsburgh, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome VirusAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.