Stopping blood vessel lining cells from turning into scar-like cells in atherosclerosis

IL-1R1 in Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Activation

NIH-funded research University of Nebraska Medical Center · NIH-11264941

This project explores whether blocking the IRAK1 signaling pathway in blood vessel lining cells can reduce the harmful cell changes that worsen atherosclerosis and lower heart attack risk.

Quick facts

Grant typeR01 grant
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (Omaha, United States)
Project IDNIH-11264941 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

In atherosclerosis, blood vessel lining cells can change into scar-like cells (EndMT) that make plaques worse. The team found that disturbed blood flow turns on IL-1/IRAK1 signaling in endothelial cells and that higher IRAK1 activity is linked to more severe human plaque disease. They will use human plaque samples, cell experiments, and mouse models to block IRAK1 in endothelial cells and watch whether EndMT and plaque progression are reduced. The aim is to find a more precise way to stop harmful vessel-cell changes than broad anti-IL-1 drugs, potentially avoiding immune side effects.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: People with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or recent myocardial infarction who can provide samples or take part in future clinical testing would be the most likely candidates.

Not a fit: Patients with non-atherosclerotic heart disease, advanced multi-organ failure, or those already on strong immunosuppression may not benefit from IRAK1-targeted approaches.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this work could lead to targeted treatments that slow plaque growth and lower the risk of heart attack while avoiding broad immunosuppression.

How similar studies have performed: Previous clinical work blocking IL-1β (CANTOS) reduced cardiovascular deaths but caused immune side effects, and targeting endothelial IRAK1 is a newer, less-tested strategy.

Where this research is happening

Omaha, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Last reviewed 2026-06-10 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.