Steroids for childhood brain artery inflammation that can cause stroke

FOcal Cerebral Arteriopathy Steroids (FOCAS) Trial

NIH-funded research University of California, San Francisco · NIH-11306671

This project compares starting steroids right away versus waiting and treating only if the artery problem worsens in children with focal cerebral arteriopathy, a common cause of childhood stroke.

Quick facts

Grant typeNIH-funded research
Study typeNIH-funded research
Funding institutionUniversity of California, San Francisco NIH-funded
Lab location1 site (San Francisco, United States)
Project IDNIH-11306671 on NIH RePORTER

What this research studies

Focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA) is an inflammatory narrowing of brain arteries that can cause stroke in otherwise healthy children and often gets worse over days. The team will compare an approach of immediate steroid treatment to a strategy of close monitoring with steroids given only if imaging shows the arteriopathy progressing. Doctors will use brain imaging and clinical exams over time to watch the arteries and measure neurologic recovery and stroke size. The trial design was chosen because many clinicians are not comfortable withholding steroids entirely at initial presentation.

Who could benefit from this research

Good fit: Children (typically infants to about 11 years old) diagnosed with focal cerebral arteriopathy who present with arterial ischemic stroke and are seen at participating pediatric stroke centers.

Not a fit: Children whose artery problems are caused by other conditions, those too unstable for steroid treatment, or those presenting well after the window when the arteriopathy progresses may not benefit from this approach.

Why it matters

Potential benefit: If successful, this could prevent artery narrowing, reduce the size of childhood strokes, and improve long-term neurologic outcomes.

How similar studies have performed: Steroids are widely used for FCA in clinical practice but there are no randomized data proving they help, so the approach remains unproven.

Where this research is happening

San Francisco, United States

Researchers

About this research

  1. This is an active NIH-funded research project — typically early-stage science, not a clinical trial accepting patient enrollment.
  2. Some NIH-funded labs run parallel clinical studies or seek volunteers for related work. To check, contact the principal investigator or institution listed above.
  3. For full project details, budget, and progress reports, visit the official NIH RePORTER page below.
Conditions Acquired brain injuryArterial Disorder
Last reviewed 2026-06-13 by the Find a Trial editorial team. Information on this page is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals about clinical trial participation.